Język angielski 2017 — poziom dwujęzyczny — Formuła 2015

tried to prepare a meal despite his/her poor record as a cook? deliberately damaged a piece of equipment to handle an emergency

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about starting a fire while preparing food. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C 1.1. tried to prepare a meal despite his/her poor record as a cook? deliberately damaged a piece of equipment to handle an emergency 1.2. situation? 1.3. aggravated the situation by acting too hastily? 1.4. missed the moment when the fire started?

situation?

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about starting a fire while preparing food. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C 1.1. tried to prepare a meal despite his/her poor record as a cook? deliberately damaged a piece of equipment to handle an emergency 1.2. situation? 1.3. aggravated the situation by acting too hastily? 1.4. missed the moment when the fire started?

aggravated the situation by acting too hastily?

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about starting a fire while preparing food. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C 1.1. tried to prepare a meal despite his/her poor record as a cook? deliberately damaged a piece of equipment to handle an emergency 1.2. situation? 1.3. aggravated the situation by acting too hastily? 1.4. missed the moment when the fire started?

missed the moment when the fire started?

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about starting a fire while preparing food. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C 1.1. tried to prepare a meal despite his/her poor record as a cook? deliberately damaged a piece of equipment to handle an emergency 1.2. situation? 1.3. aggravated the situation by acting too hastily? 1.4. missed the moment when the fire started?

The phrase “the magic number of greatness” refers to

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1, questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 2.1. The phrase “the magic number of greatness” refers to A. the amount of time needed to achieve an expert level at a skill. B. the years of experience necessary to refine genuine talent. C. the statistics describing a person’s natural aptitude. D. the hours required to research guided practice. 2.2. Which is TRUE about Dan’s challenge? A. Dan convinced Dr Ericsson he had to spend over six hours a day on the golf course. B. Dr Ericsson opted for shortening the project to three and a half years. C. Time spent with the ball counts twice as much as other forms of practice. D. Extra-curricular activities do not contribute to the hours clocked by Dan. 2.3. Which of the following is stated in the text as a fact, and not an opinion? A. Qualifying for the PGA Tour is a challenge equal to climbing Mount Everest. B. Working on specific aspects of a skill optimizes the overall result. C. Dan’s challenge has drawn the attention of a growing number of observers. D. Extended golfing practice is what most men dream about. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 2.4. Markus got involved in water-drop photography because A. he had come across an inspiring article written by a high-speed photography expert. B. he had been challenged by another photographer to try new settings. C. he had become disheartened by unsuccessful trial-and-error attempts in other genres. D. he had been impressed with photographs he had seen online. 2.5. When taking pictures using the “drop on drop” technique, Markus A. uses water thickened with milk or cream. B. adjusts the moment of releasing the second drop. C. releases drops at regular, precisely timed intervals. D. makes sure that the second drop lands on the crown the first drop created. 2.6. In his final response, Markus A. explains what calculations are necessary to produce perfect water-drop photos. B. describes specialized tools indispensable for taking water-drop photos. C. draws attention to a quality a water-drop photographer should possess. D. sums up the topics he covers in water-drop photography.

1. A. the amount of time needed to achieve an expert level at a skill.
2. B. the years of experience necessary to refine genuine talent.
3. C. the statistics describing a person’s natural aptitude.
4. D. the hours required to research guided practice.

Which is TRUE about Dan’s challenge?

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1, questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 2.1. The phrase “the magic number of greatness” refers to A. the amount of time needed to achieve an expert level at a skill. B. the years of experience necessary to refine genuine talent. C. the statistics describing a person’s natural aptitude. D. the hours required to research guided practice. 2.2. Which is TRUE about Dan’s challenge? A. Dan convinced Dr Ericsson he had to spend over six hours a day on the golf course. B. Dr Ericsson opted for shortening the project to three and a half years. C. Time spent with the ball counts twice as much as other forms of practice. D. Extra-curricular activities do not contribute to the hours clocked by Dan. 2.3. Which of the following is stated in the text as a fact, and not an opinion? A. Qualifying for the PGA Tour is a challenge equal to climbing Mount Everest. B. Working on specific aspects of a skill optimizes the overall result. C. Dan’s challenge has drawn the attention of a growing number of observers. D. Extended golfing practice is what most men dream about. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 2.4. Markus got involved in water-drop photography because A. he had come across an inspiring article written by a high-speed photography expert. B. he had been challenged by another photographer to try new settings. C. he had become disheartened by unsuccessful trial-and-error attempts in other genres. D. he had been impressed with photographs he had seen online. 2.5. When taking pictures using the “drop on drop” technique, Markus A. uses water thickened with milk or cream. B. adjusts the moment of releasing the second drop. C. releases drops at regular, precisely timed intervals. D. makes sure that the second drop lands on the crown the first drop created. 2.6. In his final response, Markus A. explains what calculations are necessary to produce perfect water-drop photos. B. describes specialized tools indispensable for taking water-drop photos. C. draws attention to a quality a water-drop photographer should possess. D. sums up the topics he covers in water-drop photography.

1. A. Dan convinced Dr Ericsson he had to spend over six hours a day on the golf course.
2. B. Dr Ericsson opted for shortening the project to three and a half years.
3. C. Time spent with the ball counts twice as much as other forms of practice.
4. D. Extra-curricular activities do not contribute to the hours clocked by Dan.

Which of the following is stated in the text as a fact, and not an opinion?

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1, questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 2.1. The phrase “the magic number of greatness” refers to A. the amount of time needed to achieve an expert level at a skill. B. the years of experience necessary to refine genuine talent. C. the statistics describing a person’s natural aptitude. D. the hours required to research guided practice. 2.2. Which is TRUE about Dan’s challenge? A. Dan convinced Dr Ericsson he had to spend over six hours a day on the golf course. B. Dr Ericsson opted for shortening the project to three and a half years. C. Time spent with the ball counts twice as much as other forms of practice. D. Extra-curricular activities do not contribute to the hours clocked by Dan. 2.3. Which of the following is stated in the text as a fact, and not an opinion? A. Qualifying for the PGA Tour is a challenge equal to climbing Mount Everest. B. Working on specific aspects of a skill optimizes the overall result. C. Dan’s challenge has drawn the attention of a growing number of observers. D. Extended golfing practice is what most men dream about. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 2.4. Markus got involved in water-drop photography because A. he had come across an inspiring article written by a high-speed photography expert. B. he had been challenged by another photographer to try new settings. C. he had become disheartened by unsuccessful trial-and-error attempts in other genres. D. he had been impressed with photographs he had seen online. 2.5. When taking pictures using the “drop on drop” technique, Markus A. uses water thickened with milk or cream. B. adjusts the moment of releasing the second drop. C. releases drops at regular, precisely timed intervals. D. makes sure that the second drop lands on the crown the first drop created. 2.6. In his final response, Markus A. explains what calculations are necessary to produce perfect water-drop photos. B. describes specialized tools indispensable for taking water-drop photos. C. draws attention to a quality a water-drop photographer should possess. D. sums up the topics he covers in water-drop photography.

1. A. Qualifying for the PGA Tour is a challenge equal to climbing Mount Everest.
2. B. Working on specific aspects of a skill optimizes the overall result.
3. C. Dan’s challenge has drawn the attention of a growing number of observers.
4. D. Extended golfing practice is what most men dream about.

Markus got involved in water-drop photography because

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1, questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 2.1. The phrase “the magic number of greatness” refers to A. the amount of time needed to achieve an expert level at a skill. B. the years of experience necessary to refine genuine talent. C. the statistics describing a person’s natural aptitude. D. the hours required to research guided practice. 2.2. Which is TRUE about Dan’s challenge? A. Dan convinced Dr Ericsson he had to spend over six hours a day on the golf course. B. Dr Ericsson opted for shortening the project to three and a half years. C. Time spent with the ball counts twice as much as other forms of practice. D. Extra-curricular activities do not contribute to the hours clocked by Dan. 2.3. Which of the following is stated in the text as a fact, and not an opinion? A. Qualifying for the PGA Tour is a challenge equal to climbing Mount Everest. B. Working on specific aspects of a skill optimizes the overall result. C. Dan’s challenge has drawn the attention of a growing number of observers. D. Extended golfing practice is what most men dream about. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 2.4. Markus got involved in water-drop photography because A. he had come across an inspiring article written by a high-speed photography expert. B. he had been challenged by another photographer to try new settings. C. he had become disheartened by unsuccessful trial-and-error attempts in other genres. D. he had been impressed with photographs he had seen online. 2.5. When taking pictures using the “drop on drop” technique, Markus A. uses water thickened with milk or cream. B. adjusts the moment of releasing the second drop. C. releases drops at regular, precisely timed intervals. D. makes sure that the second drop lands on the crown the first drop created. 2.6. In his final response, Markus A. explains what calculations are necessary to produce perfect water-drop photos. B. describes specialized tools indispensable for taking water-drop photos. C. draws attention to a quality a water-drop photographer should possess. D. sums up the topics he covers in water-drop photography.

1. A. he had come across an inspiring article written by a high-speed photography expert.
2. B. he had been challenged by another photographer to try new settings.
3. C. he had become disheartened by unsuccessful trial-and-error attempts in other genres.
4. D. he had been impressed with photographs he had seen online.

When taking pictures using the “drop on drop” technique, Markus

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1, questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 2.1. The phrase “the magic number of greatness” refers to A. the amount of time needed to achieve an expert level at a skill. B. the years of experience necessary to refine genuine talent. C. the statistics describing a person’s natural aptitude. D. the hours required to research guided practice. 2.2. Which is TRUE about Dan’s challenge? A. Dan convinced Dr Ericsson he had to spend over six hours a day on the golf course. B. Dr Ericsson opted for shortening the project to three and a half years. C. Time spent with the ball counts twice as much as other forms of practice. D. Extra-curricular activities do not contribute to the hours clocked by Dan. 2.3. Which of the following is stated in the text as a fact, and not an opinion? A. Qualifying for the PGA Tour is a challenge equal to climbing Mount Everest. B. Working on specific aspects of a skill optimizes the overall result. C. Dan’s challenge has drawn the attention of a growing number of observers. D. Extended golfing practice is what most men dream about. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 2.4. Markus got involved in water-drop photography because A. he had come across an inspiring article written by a high-speed photography expert. B. he had been challenged by another photographer to try new settings. C. he had become disheartened by unsuccessful trial-and-error attempts in other genres. D. he had been impressed with photographs he had seen online. 2.5. When taking pictures using the “drop on drop” technique, Markus A. uses water thickened with milk or cream. B. adjusts the moment of releasing the second drop. C. releases drops at regular, precisely timed intervals. D. makes sure that the second drop lands on the crown the first drop created. 2.6. In his final response, Markus A. explains what calculations are necessary to produce perfect water-drop photos. B. describes specialized tools indispensable for taking water-drop photos. C. draws attention to a quality a water-drop photographer should possess. D. sums up the topics he covers in water-drop photography.

1. A. uses water thickened with milk or cream.
2. B. adjusts the moment of releasing the second drop.
3. C. releases drops at regular, precisely timed intervals.
4. D. makes sure that the second drop lands on the crown the first drop created.

In his final response, Markus

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1, questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 2.1. The phrase “the magic number of greatness” refers to A. the amount of time needed to achieve an expert level at a skill. B. the years of experience necessary to refine genuine talent. C. the statistics describing a person’s natural aptitude. D. the hours required to research guided practice. 2.2. Which is TRUE about Dan’s challenge? A. Dan convinced Dr Ericsson he had to spend over six hours a day on the golf course. B. Dr Ericsson opted for shortening the project to three and a half years. C. Time spent with the ball counts twice as much as other forms of practice. D. Extra-curricular activities do not contribute to the hours clocked by Dan. 2.3. Which of the following is stated in the text as a fact, and not an opinion? A. Qualifying for the PGA Tour is a challenge equal to climbing Mount Everest. B. Working on specific aspects of a skill optimizes the overall result. C. Dan’s challenge has drawn the attention of a growing number of observers. D. Extended golfing practice is what most men dream about. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 2.4. Markus got involved in water-drop photography because A. he had come across an inspiring article written by a high-speed photography expert. B. he had been challenged by another photographer to try new settings. C. he had become disheartened by unsuccessful trial-and-error attempts in other genres. D. he had been impressed with photographs he had seen online. 2.5. When taking pictures using the “drop on drop” technique, Markus A. uses water thickened with milk or cream. B. adjusts the moment of releasing the second drop. C. releases drops at regular, precisely timed intervals. D. makes sure that the second drop lands on the crown the first drop created. 2.6. In his final response, Markus A. explains what calculations are necessary to produce perfect water-drop photos. B. describes specialized tools indispensable for taking water-drop photos. C. draws attention to a quality a water-drop photographer should possess. D. sums up the topics he covers in water-drop photography.

1. A. explains what calculations are necessary to produce perfect water-drop photos.
2. B. describes specialized tools indispensable for taking water-drop photos.
3. C. draws attention to a quality a water-drop photographer should possess.
4. D. sums up the topics he covers in water-drop photography.

When Loren Coleman was a teenager, his teachers _______________________________ his interest in the Yeti.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear an interview about cryptozoology. Complete each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with a word or phrase, according to what you have heard. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. When Loren Coleman was a teenager, his teachers _______________________________ his interest in the Yeti. 3.2. Cryptozoologists’ work involves collecting ____________________________________ ___________________________________. 3.3. The public at large is most interested in mysterious creatures which __________________ _____________________________________________________. 3.4. Loren criticizes mass media for ______________________________________________. 3.5. Loren points out that many scientists do not recognize cryptozoology as science because _______________________________________________________________________. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

Cryptozoologists’ work involves collecting ____________________________________ ___________________________________.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear an interview about cryptozoology. Complete each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with a word or phrase, according to what you have heard. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. When Loren Coleman was a teenager, his teachers _______________________________ his interest in the Yeti. 3.2. Cryptozoologists’ work involves collecting ____________________________________ ___________________________________. 3.3. The public at large is most interested in mysterious creatures which __________________ _____________________________________________________. 3.4. Loren criticizes mass media for ______________________________________________. 3.5. Loren points out that many scientists do not recognize cryptozoology as science because _______________________________________________________________________. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

The public at large is most interested in mysterious creatures which __________________ _____________________________________________________.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear an interview about cryptozoology. Complete each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with a word or phrase, according to what you have heard. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. When Loren Coleman was a teenager, his teachers _______________________________ his interest in the Yeti. 3.2. Cryptozoologists’ work involves collecting ____________________________________ ___________________________________. 3.3. The public at large is most interested in mysterious creatures which __________________ _____________________________________________________. 3.4. Loren criticizes mass media for ______________________________________________. 3.5. Loren points out that many scientists do not recognize cryptozoology as science because _______________________________________________________________________. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

Loren criticizes mass media for ______________________________________________.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear an interview about cryptozoology. Complete each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with a word or phrase, according to what you have heard. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. When Loren Coleman was a teenager, his teachers _______________________________ his interest in the Yeti. 3.2. Cryptozoologists’ work involves collecting ____________________________________ ___________________________________. 3.3. The public at large is most interested in mysterious creatures which __________________ _____________________________________________________. 3.4. Loren criticizes mass media for ______________________________________________. 3.5. Loren points out that many scientists do not recognize cryptozoology as science because _______________________________________________________________________. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

Loren points out that many scientists do not recognize cryptozoology as science because _______________________________________________________________________. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear an interview about cryptozoology. Complete each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with a word or phrase, according to what you have heard. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. When Loren Coleman was a teenager, his teachers _______________________________ his interest in the Yeti. 3.2. Cryptozoologists’ work involves collecting ____________________________________ ___________________________________. 3.3. The public at large is most interested in mysterious creatures which __________________ _____________________________________________________. 3.4. Loren criticizes mass media for ______________________________________________. 3.5. Loren points out that many scientists do not recognize cryptozoology as science because _______________________________________________________________________. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about work. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 WIMBLEDON ASSIGNMENT Recently I flew to London to cover Wimbledon, the world’s premier tennis competition and one of the few events I go to where the crowd never boos. Each morning I walked the tree-lined streets near the tennis courts, passing boisterous teenagers queued up for leftover passes. Outside the gate was a news-stand that sold British tabloids, featuring paparazzi photos of supermodels, celebrities and the royal family, horoscopes and a wee bit of actual news. Their top headline of the day was written on a chalkboard, and usually read something like ROYAL COUPLE IN TROUBLE! or GAZZA TO TEAM: GIVE ME MILLIONS! People scooped up these tabloids, devoured their gossip, and on previous trips to England, I had always done the same. But now, with Morrie’s illness at the back of my mind, whenever I confronted anything silly or mindless, I kept picturing my friend in his tiny house with his loved ones, while I spent so many hours on things that meant absolutely nothing to me personally: movie stars, football players or the latest noise out of Prince Charles or Madonna. Back home, the O.J. Simpson trial was in full swing, and there were people who surrendered their entire lunch hour to follow it. I started to wonder why we bothered so much with the lives of strangers. One particularly crazy day in Wimbledon, a crush of reporters had tried to chase down Andre Agassi and his famous girlfriend, Brooke Shields, and I had gotten knocked over by a British reporter who barely muttered “Sorry” before sweeping past. I thought of something Morrie had told me: “So many people walk around with meaningless lives. They seem half-asleep, even when they are busy doing things they think are important. This is because they are chasing the wrong things.” When I returned to Detroit, I arrived late in the afternoon, dragged myself home and went to sleep. I awoke to a jolting piece of news: the unions at my newspaper had gone on strike. There were picketers at the front entrance and marchers chanting up and down the street. As a member of the union, I had no choice. I was suddenly out of a job, out of a paycheck, and pitted against my employers. Union leaders called my home and warned me against any contact with my former editors, many of whom were my friends. I was also told to hang up if they rang me up and tried to plead their case. I felt confused and depressed. Although the TV and radio work were nice supplements, the newspaper had been my lifeline, my oxygen. When I saw my stories in print each morning, I knew that I was alive. Now it was gone. And as the strike continued, there were phone calls and rumors that this could drag on. There were sporting events each night that I would have gone to cover. Instead, I stayed home and watched them on TV. I had grown used to thinking readers somehow needed my column, so I was stunned at how easily things went on without me. Suddenly, I thought of Morrie again and decided to call him. adapted from Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A 4.1. When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament. 4.2. While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial. 4.3. During the strike, A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances. 4.4. Based on the text, we can conclude that A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped. A. In the space marked  B. In the space marked  C. In the space marked  D. In the space marked  4.6. The author’s decision to retire and move to France A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future. 4.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London? A. snide remarks made by former colleagues B. getting accustomed to mundane activities C. insecurity about getting a job D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip.
2. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard.
3. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live.
4. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament.

While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about work. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 WIMBLEDON ASSIGNMENT Recently I flew to London to cover Wimbledon, the world’s premier tennis competition and one of the few events I go to where the crowd never boos. Each morning I walked the tree-lined streets near the tennis courts, passing boisterous teenagers queued up for leftover passes. Outside the gate was a news-stand that sold British tabloids, featuring paparazzi photos of supermodels, celebrities and the royal family, horoscopes and a wee bit of actual news. Their top headline of the day was written on a chalkboard, and usually read something like ROYAL COUPLE IN TROUBLE! or GAZZA TO TEAM: GIVE ME MILLIONS! People scooped up these tabloids, devoured their gossip, and on previous trips to England, I had always done the same. But now, with Morrie’s illness at the back of my mind, whenever I confronted anything silly or mindless, I kept picturing my friend in his tiny house with his loved ones, while I spent so many hours on things that meant absolutely nothing to me personally: movie stars, football players or the latest noise out of Prince Charles or Madonna. Back home, the O.J. Simpson trial was in full swing, and there were people who surrendered their entire lunch hour to follow it. I started to wonder why we bothered so much with the lives of strangers. One particularly crazy day in Wimbledon, a crush of reporters had tried to chase down Andre Agassi and his famous girlfriend, Brooke Shields, and I had gotten knocked over by a British reporter who barely muttered “Sorry” before sweeping past. I thought of something Morrie had told me: “So many people walk around with meaningless lives. They seem half-asleep, even when they are busy doing things they think are important. This is because they are chasing the wrong things.” When I returned to Detroit, I arrived late in the afternoon, dragged myself home and went to sleep. I awoke to a jolting piece of news: the unions at my newspaper had gone on strike. There were picketers at the front entrance and marchers chanting up and down the street. As a member of the union, I had no choice. I was suddenly out of a job, out of a paycheck, and pitted against my employers. Union leaders called my home and warned me against any contact with my former editors, many of whom were my friends. I was also told to hang up if they rang me up and tried to plead their case. I felt confused and depressed. Although the TV and radio work were nice supplements, the newspaper had been my lifeline, my oxygen. When I saw my stories in print each morning, I knew that I was alive. Now it was gone. And as the strike continued, there were phone calls and rumors that this could drag on. There were sporting events each night that I would have gone to cover. Instead, I stayed home and watched them on TV. I had grown used to thinking readers somehow needed my column, so I was stunned at how easily things went on without me. Suddenly, I thought of Morrie again and decided to call him. adapted from Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A 4.1. When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament. 4.2. While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial. 4.3. During the strike, A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances. 4.4. Based on the text, we can conclude that A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped. A. In the space marked  B. In the space marked  C. In the space marked  D. In the space marked  4.6. The author’s decision to retire and move to France A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future. 4.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London? A. snide remarks made by former colleagues B. getting accustomed to mundane activities C. insecurity about getting a job D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie.
2. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him.
3. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities.
4. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial.

During the strike,

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about work. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 WIMBLEDON ASSIGNMENT Recently I flew to London to cover Wimbledon, the world’s premier tennis competition and one of the few events I go to where the crowd never boos. Each morning I walked the tree-lined streets near the tennis courts, passing boisterous teenagers queued up for leftover passes. Outside the gate was a news-stand that sold British tabloids, featuring paparazzi photos of supermodels, celebrities and the royal family, horoscopes and a wee bit of actual news. Their top headline of the day was written on a chalkboard, and usually read something like ROYAL COUPLE IN TROUBLE! or GAZZA TO TEAM: GIVE ME MILLIONS! People scooped up these tabloids, devoured their gossip, and on previous trips to England, I had always done the same. But now, with Morrie’s illness at the back of my mind, whenever I confronted anything silly or mindless, I kept picturing my friend in his tiny house with his loved ones, while I spent so many hours on things that meant absolutely nothing to me personally: movie stars, football players or the latest noise out of Prince Charles or Madonna. Back home, the O.J. Simpson trial was in full swing, and there were people who surrendered their entire lunch hour to follow it. I started to wonder why we bothered so much with the lives of strangers. One particularly crazy day in Wimbledon, a crush of reporters had tried to chase down Andre Agassi and his famous girlfriend, Brooke Shields, and I had gotten knocked over by a British reporter who barely muttered “Sorry” before sweeping past. I thought of something Morrie had told me: “So many people walk around with meaningless lives. They seem half-asleep, even when they are busy doing things they think are important. This is because they are chasing the wrong things.” When I returned to Detroit, I arrived late in the afternoon, dragged myself home and went to sleep. I awoke to a jolting piece of news: the unions at my newspaper had gone on strike. There were picketers at the front entrance and marchers chanting up and down the street. As a member of the union, I had no choice. I was suddenly out of a job, out of a paycheck, and pitted against my employers. Union leaders called my home and warned me against any contact with my former editors, many of whom were my friends. I was also told to hang up if they rang me up and tried to plead their case. I felt confused and depressed. Although the TV and radio work were nice supplements, the newspaper had been my lifeline, my oxygen. When I saw my stories in print each morning, I knew that I was alive. Now it was gone. And as the strike continued, there were phone calls and rumors that this could drag on. There were sporting events each night that I would have gone to cover. Instead, I stayed home and watched them on TV. I had grown used to thinking readers somehow needed my column, so I was stunned at how easily things went on without me. Suddenly, I thought of Morrie again and decided to call him. adapted from Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A 4.1. When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament. 4.2. While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial. 4.3. During the strike, A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances. 4.4. Based on the text, we can conclude that A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped. A. In the space marked  B. In the space marked  C. In the space marked  D. In the space marked  4.6. The author’s decision to retire and move to France A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future. 4.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London? A. snide remarks made by former colleagues B. getting accustomed to mundane activities C. insecurity about getting a job D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days.
2. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers.
3. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf.
4. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances.

Based on the text, we can conclude that

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about work. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 WIMBLEDON ASSIGNMENT Recently I flew to London to cover Wimbledon, the world’s premier tennis competition and one of the few events I go to where the crowd never boos. Each morning I walked the tree-lined streets near the tennis courts, passing boisterous teenagers queued up for leftover passes. Outside the gate was a news-stand that sold British tabloids, featuring paparazzi photos of supermodels, celebrities and the royal family, horoscopes and a wee bit of actual news. Their top headline of the day was written on a chalkboard, and usually read something like ROYAL COUPLE IN TROUBLE! or GAZZA TO TEAM: GIVE ME MILLIONS! People scooped up these tabloids, devoured their gossip, and on previous trips to England, I had always done the same. But now, with Morrie’s illness at the back of my mind, whenever I confronted anything silly or mindless, I kept picturing my friend in his tiny house with his loved ones, while I spent so many hours on things that meant absolutely nothing to me personally: movie stars, football players or the latest noise out of Prince Charles or Madonna. Back home, the O.J. Simpson trial was in full swing, and there were people who surrendered their entire lunch hour to follow it. I started to wonder why we bothered so much with the lives of strangers. One particularly crazy day in Wimbledon, a crush of reporters had tried to chase down Andre Agassi and his famous girlfriend, Brooke Shields, and I had gotten knocked over by a British reporter who barely muttered “Sorry” before sweeping past. I thought of something Morrie had told me: “So many people walk around with meaningless lives. They seem half-asleep, even when they are busy doing things they think are important. This is because they are chasing the wrong things.” When I returned to Detroit, I arrived late in the afternoon, dragged myself home and went to sleep. I awoke to a jolting piece of news: the unions at my newspaper had gone on strike. There were picketers at the front entrance and marchers chanting up and down the street. As a member of the union, I had no choice. I was suddenly out of a job, out of a paycheck, and pitted against my employers. Union leaders called my home and warned me against any contact with my former editors, many of whom were my friends. I was also told to hang up if they rang me up and tried to plead their case. I felt confused and depressed. Although the TV and radio work were nice supplements, the newspaper had been my lifeline, my oxygen. When I saw my stories in print each morning, I knew that I was alive. Now it was gone. And as the strike continued, there were phone calls and rumors that this could drag on. There were sporting events each night that I would have gone to cover. Instead, I stayed home and watched them on TV. I had grown used to thinking readers somehow needed my column, so I was stunned at how easily things went on without me. Suddenly, I thought of Morrie again and decided to call him. adapted from Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A 4.1. When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament. 4.2. While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial. 4.3. During the strike, A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances. 4.4. Based on the text, we can conclude that A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped. A. In the space marked  B. In the space marked  C. In the space marked  D. In the space marked  4.6. The author’s decision to retire and move to France A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future. 4.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London? A. snide remarks made by former colleagues B. getting accustomed to mundane activities C. insecurity about getting a job D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator.
2. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career.
3. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life.
4. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk

Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped.

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about work. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 WIMBLEDON ASSIGNMENT Recently I flew to London to cover Wimbledon, the world’s premier tennis competition and one of the few events I go to where the crowd never boos. Each morning I walked the tree-lined streets near the tennis courts, passing boisterous teenagers queued up for leftover passes. Outside the gate was a news-stand that sold British tabloids, featuring paparazzi photos of supermodels, celebrities and the royal family, horoscopes and a wee bit of actual news. Their top headline of the day was written on a chalkboard, and usually read something like ROYAL COUPLE IN TROUBLE! or GAZZA TO TEAM: GIVE ME MILLIONS! People scooped up these tabloids, devoured their gossip, and on previous trips to England, I had always done the same. But now, with Morrie’s illness at the back of my mind, whenever I confronted anything silly or mindless, I kept picturing my friend in his tiny house with his loved ones, while I spent so many hours on things that meant absolutely nothing to me personally: movie stars, football players or the latest noise out of Prince Charles or Madonna. Back home, the O.J. Simpson trial was in full swing, and there were people who surrendered their entire lunch hour to follow it. I started to wonder why we bothered so much with the lives of strangers. One particularly crazy day in Wimbledon, a crush of reporters had tried to chase down Andre Agassi and his famous girlfriend, Brooke Shields, and I had gotten knocked over by a British reporter who barely muttered “Sorry” before sweeping past. I thought of something Morrie had told me: “So many people walk around with meaningless lives. They seem half-asleep, even when they are busy doing things they think are important. This is because they are chasing the wrong things.” When I returned to Detroit, I arrived late in the afternoon, dragged myself home and went to sleep. I awoke to a jolting piece of news: the unions at my newspaper had gone on strike. There were picketers at the front entrance and marchers chanting up and down the street. As a member of the union, I had no choice. I was suddenly out of a job, out of a paycheck, and pitted against my employers. Union leaders called my home and warned me against any contact with my former editors, many of whom were my friends. I was also told to hang up if they rang me up and tried to plead their case. I felt confused and depressed. Although the TV and radio work were nice supplements, the newspaper had been my lifeline, my oxygen. When I saw my stories in print each morning, I knew that I was alive. Now it was gone. And as the strike continued, there were phone calls and rumors that this could drag on. There were sporting events each night that I would have gone to cover. Instead, I stayed home and watched them on TV. I had grown used to thinking readers somehow needed my column, so I was stunned at how easily things went on without me. Suddenly, I thought of Morrie again and decided to call him. adapted from Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A 4.1. When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament. 4.2. While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial. 4.3. During the strike, A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances. 4.4. Based on the text, we can conclude that A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped. A. In the space marked  B. In the space marked  C. In the space marked  D. In the space marked  4.6. The author’s decision to retire and move to France A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future. 4.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London? A. snide remarks made by former colleagues B. getting accustomed to mundane activities C. insecurity about getting a job D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. In the space marked 
2. B. In the space marked 
3. C. In the space marked 
4. D. In the space marked 

The author’s decision to retire and move to France

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about work. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 WIMBLEDON ASSIGNMENT Recently I flew to London to cover Wimbledon, the world’s premier tennis competition and one of the few events I go to where the crowd never boos. Each morning I walked the tree-lined streets near the tennis courts, passing boisterous teenagers queued up for leftover passes. Outside the gate was a news-stand that sold British tabloids, featuring paparazzi photos of supermodels, celebrities and the royal family, horoscopes and a wee bit of actual news. Their top headline of the day was written on a chalkboard, and usually read something like ROYAL COUPLE IN TROUBLE! or GAZZA TO TEAM: GIVE ME MILLIONS! People scooped up these tabloids, devoured their gossip, and on previous trips to England, I had always done the same. But now, with Morrie’s illness at the back of my mind, whenever I confronted anything silly or mindless, I kept picturing my friend in his tiny house with his loved ones, while I spent so many hours on things that meant absolutely nothing to me personally: movie stars, football players or the latest noise out of Prince Charles or Madonna. Back home, the O.J. Simpson trial was in full swing, and there were people who surrendered their entire lunch hour to follow it. I started to wonder why we bothered so much with the lives of strangers. One particularly crazy day in Wimbledon, a crush of reporters had tried to chase down Andre Agassi and his famous girlfriend, Brooke Shields, and I had gotten knocked over by a British reporter who barely muttered “Sorry” before sweeping past. I thought of something Morrie had told me: “So many people walk around with meaningless lives. They seem half-asleep, even when they are busy doing things they think are important. This is because they are chasing the wrong things.” When I returned to Detroit, I arrived late in the afternoon, dragged myself home and went to sleep. I awoke to a jolting piece of news: the unions at my newspaper had gone on strike. There were picketers at the front entrance and marchers chanting up and down the street. As a member of the union, I had no choice. I was suddenly out of a job, out of a paycheck, and pitted against my employers. Union leaders called my home and warned me against any contact with my former editors, many of whom were my friends. I was also told to hang up if they rang me up and tried to plead their case. I felt confused and depressed. Although the TV and radio work were nice supplements, the newspaper had been my lifeline, my oxygen. When I saw my stories in print each morning, I knew that I was alive. Now it was gone. And as the strike continued, there were phone calls and rumors that this could drag on. There were sporting events each night that I would have gone to cover. Instead, I stayed home and watched them on TV. I had grown used to thinking readers somehow needed my column, so I was stunned at how easily things went on without me. Suddenly, I thought of Morrie again and decided to call him. adapted from Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A 4.1. When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament. 4.2. While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial. 4.3. During the strike, A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances. 4.4. Based on the text, we can conclude that A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped. A. In the space marked  B. In the space marked  C. In the space marked  D. In the space marked  4.6. The author’s decision to retire and move to France A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future. 4.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London? A. snide remarks made by former colleagues B. getting accustomed to mundane activities C. insecurity about getting a job D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend.
2. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned.
3. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced.
4. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London?

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about work. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 WIMBLEDON ASSIGNMENT Recently I flew to London to cover Wimbledon, the world’s premier tennis competition and one of the few events I go to where the crowd never boos. Each morning I walked the tree-lined streets near the tennis courts, passing boisterous teenagers queued up for leftover passes. Outside the gate was a news-stand that sold British tabloids, featuring paparazzi photos of supermodels, celebrities and the royal family, horoscopes and a wee bit of actual news. Their top headline of the day was written on a chalkboard, and usually read something like ROYAL COUPLE IN TROUBLE! or GAZZA TO TEAM: GIVE ME MILLIONS! People scooped up these tabloids, devoured their gossip, and on previous trips to England, I had always done the same. But now, with Morrie’s illness at the back of my mind, whenever I confronted anything silly or mindless, I kept picturing my friend in his tiny house with his loved ones, while I spent so many hours on things that meant absolutely nothing to me personally: movie stars, football players or the latest noise out of Prince Charles or Madonna. Back home, the O.J. Simpson trial was in full swing, and there were people who surrendered their entire lunch hour to follow it. I started to wonder why we bothered so much with the lives of strangers. One particularly crazy day in Wimbledon, a crush of reporters had tried to chase down Andre Agassi and his famous girlfriend, Brooke Shields, and I had gotten knocked over by a British reporter who barely muttered “Sorry” before sweeping past. I thought of something Morrie had told me: “So many people walk around with meaningless lives. They seem half-asleep, even when they are busy doing things they think are important. This is because they are chasing the wrong things.” When I returned to Detroit, I arrived late in the afternoon, dragged myself home and went to sleep. I awoke to a jolting piece of news: the unions at my newspaper had gone on strike. There were picketers at the front entrance and marchers chanting up and down the street. As a member of the union, I had no choice. I was suddenly out of a job, out of a paycheck, and pitted against my employers. Union leaders called my home and warned me against any contact with my former editors, many of whom were my friends. I was also told to hang up if they rang me up and tried to plead their case. I felt confused and depressed. Although the TV and radio work were nice supplements, the newspaper had been my lifeline, my oxygen. When I saw my stories in print each morning, I knew that I was alive. Now it was gone. And as the strike continued, there were phone calls and rumors that this could drag on. There were sporting events each night that I would have gone to cover. Instead, I stayed home and watched them on TV. I had grown used to thinking readers somehow needed my column, so I was stunned at how easily things went on without me. Suddenly, I thought of Morrie again and decided to call him. adapted from Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A 4.1. When the narrator was heading towards the Wimbledon courts on his last visit to London, he A. browsed the tabloids to catch up with the latest gossip. B. got intrigued by the headlines written on the chalkboard. C. noticed some young people waiting to be allowed to watch the matches live. D. feared he would have to witness unruly behaviour during the tournament. 4.2. While carrying out his Wimbledon assignment, the narrator A. could not dismiss thoughts about Morrie. B. had to find shelter from the photographers chasing him. C. felt thrilled to meet so many celebrities. D. was summoned by his editor to report the O.J. Simpson trial. 4.3. During the strike, A. there was speculation it would be crushed in a matter of days. B. the narrator realized how indispensable his column was for readers. C. the narrator was approached by the union leaders to negotiate on their behalf. D. pressure was exerted on the narrator not to get in touch with some of his acquaintances. 4.4. Based on the text, we can conclude that A. Morrie compromised his values to assist the narrator. B. Morrie was pulling strings to jeopardize the narrator’s career. C. Morrie’s illness made the narrator reconsider his priorities in life. D. the narrator learned from Morrie how to control other people’s lives. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 MY EARLY RETIREMENT The life expectancy of the average UK male is 74. Hearing about government plans to hike state pensionable age, I realized that not much time might be left to enjoy the life of a pensioner. That’s why, last August, I decided to retire at the age of 33. I gave up my job as a journalist, rented out my London flat and moved to the south-west of France with my girlfriend, who heartily agreed with my plan. It was fear and a tinge of weariness that gave me the impulse to do it.  I worried that I was wasting the best years of my life blinking at a computer screen and that when I did eventually pack up work, I would have hours to kill but no energy or strength to make use of them. The solution seemed obvious, if a little risky: retire now and work later. Many will think me foolhardy, as did some of my friends, not to mention bosses. But I want to enjoy life in my prime. I have worked hard. I started as a journalist at 17. Early shifts, night shifts, weekends, bank holidays and Christmases: check. And what was it all for?  I got halfway up the ladder and realized I was afraid of heights – or to be precise, of professional responsibility and the attendant drudgery. Some doubts I had obviously harboured were allayed when it transpired that with the income from my London flat, a modest, stress-free life in France was a realistic possibility. Modest being the operative word.  In return, here we are in France, having spent the winter reading books by the wood burner. A hectic life and economic blues have been swapped for country walks and fireside chats. Stress has been reduced to wondering which route to take or whether the fire will crackle into life. There are risks, of course. I’m not as fortunate as some of my colleagues who can take on a contract whenever they fancy, so work is not guaranteed when I decide to return to London. And another question mark is about successful repatriation.  If a job is found, how to overcome the daily grind of self-doubt, to tolerate the early-morning starts and office politics once more? Still, it’ll surely be worth it for the sweltering Monday afternoons when I can sit by the pool with a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice in hand, listening to the birds singing and the rustle of leaves. Normally, I would be slumped at a desk most of the day, filling in papers, listening to the hack and whirl of the coffee machine. Now honestly, which would you prefer? adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. Look at the circles marked 1–4 in the text and decide where the following sentence fits best in the passage. The customary trappings of city life such as delights of cuisine or the enchantment of clubs and theatres would have to be skipped. A. In the space marked  B. In the space marked  C. In the space marked  D. In the space marked  4.6. The author’s decision to retire and move to France A. was openly questioned by his girlfriend. B. was feasible thanks to a London property he owned. C. resulted from serious health problems he had experienced. D. was sparked by the prospect of being made redundant in the near future. 4.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a potential problem facing him on returning to London? A. snide remarks made by former colleagues B. getting accustomed to mundane activities C. insecurity about getting a job D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. snide remarks made by former colleagues
2. B. getting accustomed to mundane activities
3. C. insecurity about getting a job
4. D. lack of confidence TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

TASK 5. (0–4) Read the article. Four fragments have been removed from the text. Complete each gap (5.1.–5.4.) with the fragment which fits best and put the appropriate letter (A–E) in each gap. There is one fragment which you do not need to use. HOW DO EMOTICONS AND CAPITALISATION AFFECT PERCEPTION OF EMAIL? Compared with face-to-face communication, nonverbal cues in email are lacking. But humans are fabulous at generating meaning even when cues are sparse. A group of psychologists from Stanford University have put forward a theory that our motivation for generating meaning is to reduce levels of uncertainty and help predict other people’s behavioural patterns. 5.1. _____ Both of these enable the people we are addressing to predict our behaviour, mood and intentions. The research on nonverbal behaviour in emails is not as simple as “emoticons are good while capitalisation is bad”. It seems that both writing in capital letters and using emoticons can evoke utterly different responses, perhaps much less polarised in the case of capitalisation, which is normally considered a no-no in emails. However, the usage of capital letters can also communicate excitement and not just senseless shouting. 5.2. _____ Perhaps some of this variability in the perception of capitalisation and emoticons comes down to personality? Psychologists researched this by asking college students to fill in a personality questionnaire and then read emails from an unknown person. These were simple messages such as requests for copies of academic papers or information about the university. Each participant was randomly assigned to read two out of several differently presented emails. 5.3. _____ The students were then asked to rate the sender’s likeability. The researchers found that the reader’s personality influenced how emoticons and capitalisation were perceived. Readers high in extroversion and emotional stability were likely to rate the sender’s emails as more likeable if they had correct capitalisation and emoticons. The opposite was also true. For the introverted and emotionally unstable, correct capitalisation and emoticons tended not to affect the sender’s likeability, perhaps even lowering it. These results are interesting but they also raise many more questions. Emoticons may make the sender appear more likeable, but further research is necessary to find out if they also make the sender seem less professional or whether they can make reading bad news less disturbing. In their study, the researchers only used a smiley face in the emails. 5.4. _____ These are just some uncertainties. If more advanced ways of communicating emotion in email become a reality, surely many more questions will have to be answered. adapted from www.spring.org.uk Strona 8 z 18 MAD-1A A. Some of them were all written with capital letters, others included emoticons and the rest neither, so that the researchers would be able to compare responses. B. Researchers are currently working on electronic mail systems which involve expressive typography, graphical components as well as old-fashioned words to convey emotion. C. This might explain how, in online correspondence, even two simple things like capitalisation and the use of emoticons can have important effects on the reader’s perceptions. D. We can’t be sure whether the impact of other emoticons would be the same. It is also not clear what would happen if the sender used emoticons which the receiver did not understand. E. For emoticons, there is a bulk of research which proves they can take the sting out of a message with a negative content. Other studies find they have no such impact. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

1. A. Some of them were all written with capital letters, others included emoticons and the rest neither, so that the researchers would be able to compare responses.
2. B. Researchers are currently working on electronic mail systems which involve expressive typography, graphical components as well as old-fashioned words to convey emotion.
3. C. This might explain how, in online correspondence, even two simple things like capitalisation and the use of emoticons can have important effects on the reader’s perceptions.
4. D. We can’t be sure whether the impact of other emoticons would be the same. It is also not clear what would happen if the sender used emoticons which the receiver did not understand.
5. E. For emoticons, there is a bulk of research which proves they can take the sting out of a message with a negative content. Other studies find they have no such impact. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

TASK 5. (0–4) Read the article. Four fragments have been removed from the text. Complete each gap (5.1.–5.4.) with the fragment which fits best and put the appropriate letter (A–E) in each gap. There is one fragment which you do not need to use. HOW DO EMOTICONS AND CAPITALISATION AFFECT PERCEPTION OF EMAIL? Compared with face-to-face communication, nonverbal cues in email are lacking. But humans are fabulous at generating meaning even when cues are sparse. A group of psychologists from Stanford University have put forward a theory that our motivation for generating meaning is to reduce levels of uncertainty and help predict other people’s behavioural patterns. 5.1. _____ Both of these enable the people we are addressing to predict our behaviour, mood and intentions. The research on nonverbal behaviour in emails is not as simple as “emoticons are good while capitalisation is bad”. It seems that both writing in capital letters and using emoticons can evoke utterly different responses, perhaps much less polarised in the case of capitalisation, which is normally considered a no-no in emails. However, the usage of capital letters can also communicate excitement and not just senseless shouting. 5.2. _____ Perhaps some of this variability in the perception of capitalisation and emoticons comes down to personality? Psychologists researched this by asking college students to fill in a personality questionnaire and then read emails from an unknown person. These were simple messages such as requests for copies of academic papers or information about the university. Each participant was randomly assigned to read two out of several differently presented emails. 5.3. _____ The students were then asked to rate the sender’s likeability. The researchers found that the reader’s personality influenced how emoticons and capitalisation were perceived. Readers high in extroversion and emotional stability were likely to rate the sender’s emails as more likeable if they had correct capitalisation and emoticons. The opposite was also true. For the introverted and emotionally unstable, correct capitalisation and emoticons tended not to affect the sender’s likeability, perhaps even lowering it. These results are interesting but they also raise many more questions. Emoticons may make the sender appear more likeable, but further research is necessary to find out if they also make the sender seem less professional or whether they can make reading bad news less disturbing. In their study, the researchers only used a smiley face in the emails. 5.4. _____ These are just some uncertainties. If more advanced ways of communicating emotion in email become a reality, surely many more questions will have to be answered. adapted from www.spring.org.uk Strona 8 z 18 MAD-1A A. Some of them were all written with capital letters, others included emoticons and the rest neither, so that the researchers would be able to compare responses. B. Researchers are currently working on electronic mail systems which involve expressive typography, graphical components as well as old-fashioned words to convey emotion. C. This might explain how, in online correspondence, even two simple things like capitalisation and the use of emoticons can have important effects on the reader’s perceptions. D. We can’t be sure whether the impact of other emoticons would be the same. It is also not clear what would happen if the sender used emoticons which the receiver did not understand. E. For emoticons, there is a bulk of research which proves they can take the sting out of a message with a negative content. Other studies find they have no such impact. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

1. A. Some of them were all written with capital letters, others included emoticons and the rest neither, so that the researchers would be able to compare responses.
2. B. Researchers are currently working on electronic mail systems which involve expressive typography, graphical components as well as old-fashioned words to convey emotion.
3. C. This might explain how, in online correspondence, even two simple things like capitalisation and the use of emoticons can have important effects on the reader’s perceptions.
4. D. We can’t be sure whether the impact of other emoticons would be the same. It is also not clear what would happen if the sender used emoticons which the receiver did not understand.
5. E. For emoticons, there is a bulk of research which proves they can take the sting out of a message with a negative content. Other studies find they have no such impact. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

TASK 5. (0–4) Read the article. Four fragments have been removed from the text. Complete each gap (5.1.–5.4.) with the fragment which fits best and put the appropriate letter (A–E) in each gap. There is one fragment which you do not need to use. HOW DO EMOTICONS AND CAPITALISATION AFFECT PERCEPTION OF EMAIL? Compared with face-to-face communication, nonverbal cues in email are lacking. But humans are fabulous at generating meaning even when cues are sparse. A group of psychologists from Stanford University have put forward a theory that our motivation for generating meaning is to reduce levels of uncertainty and help predict other people’s behavioural patterns. 5.1. _____ Both of these enable the people we are addressing to predict our behaviour, mood and intentions. The research on nonverbal behaviour in emails is not as simple as “emoticons are good while capitalisation is bad”. It seems that both writing in capital letters and using emoticons can evoke utterly different responses, perhaps much less polarised in the case of capitalisation, which is normally considered a no-no in emails. However, the usage of capital letters can also communicate excitement and not just senseless shouting. 5.2. _____ Perhaps some of this variability in the perception of capitalisation and emoticons comes down to personality? Psychologists researched this by asking college students to fill in a personality questionnaire and then read emails from an unknown person. These were simple messages such as requests for copies of academic papers or information about the university. Each participant was randomly assigned to read two out of several differently presented emails. 5.3. _____ The students were then asked to rate the sender’s likeability. The researchers found that the reader’s personality influenced how emoticons and capitalisation were perceived. Readers high in extroversion and emotional stability were likely to rate the sender’s emails as more likeable if they had correct capitalisation and emoticons. The opposite was also true. For the introverted and emotionally unstable, correct capitalisation and emoticons tended not to affect the sender’s likeability, perhaps even lowering it. These results are interesting but they also raise many more questions. Emoticons may make the sender appear more likeable, but further research is necessary to find out if they also make the sender seem less professional or whether they can make reading bad news less disturbing. In their study, the researchers only used a smiley face in the emails. 5.4. _____ These are just some uncertainties. If more advanced ways of communicating emotion in email become a reality, surely many more questions will have to be answered. adapted from www.spring.org.uk Strona 8 z 18 MAD-1A A. Some of them were all written with capital letters, others included emoticons and the rest neither, so that the researchers would be able to compare responses. B. Researchers are currently working on electronic mail systems which involve expressive typography, graphical components as well as old-fashioned words to convey emotion. C. This might explain how, in online correspondence, even two simple things like capitalisation and the use of emoticons can have important effects on the reader’s perceptions. D. We can’t be sure whether the impact of other emoticons would be the same. It is also not clear what would happen if the sender used emoticons which the receiver did not understand. E. For emoticons, there is a bulk of research which proves they can take the sting out of a message with a negative content. Other studies find they have no such impact. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

1. A. Some of them were all written with capital letters, others included emoticons and the rest neither, so that the researchers would be able to compare responses.
2. B. Researchers are currently working on electronic mail systems which involve expressive typography, graphical components as well as old-fashioned words to convey emotion.
3. C. This might explain how, in online correspondence, even two simple things like capitalisation and the use of emoticons can have important effects on the reader’s perceptions.
4. D. We can’t be sure whether the impact of other emoticons would be the same. It is also not clear what would happen if the sender used emoticons which the receiver did not understand.
5. E. For emoticons, there is a bulk of research which proves they can take the sting out of a message with a negative content. Other studies find they have no such impact. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18