Język angielski 2018 — poziom dwujęzyczny — Formuła 2015

annoying mobile phone users? points to a change in the standards of politeness as an argument

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about the use of mobile phones on planes. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C claims that listening in on a phone conversation is a way to handle 1.1. annoying mobile phone users? points to a change in the standards of politeness as an argument 1.2. against allowing phone conversations on board? 1.3. suggests making some alterations to aircraft interiors? questions a reason airlines may put forward for allowing phone 1.4. conversations on board?

against allowing phone conversations on board?

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about the use of mobile phones on planes. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C claims that listening in on a phone conversation is a way to handle 1.1. annoying mobile phone users? points to a change in the standards of politeness as an argument 1.2. against allowing phone conversations on board? 1.3. suggests making some alterations to aircraft interiors? questions a reason airlines may put forward for allowing phone 1.4. conversations on board?

suggests making some alterations to aircraft interiors? questions a reason airlines may put forward for allowing phone

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about the use of mobile phones on planes. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C claims that listening in on a phone conversation is a way to handle 1.1. annoying mobile phone users? points to a change in the standards of politeness as an argument 1.2. against allowing phone conversations on board? 1.3. suggests making some alterations to aircraft interiors? questions a reason airlines may put forward for allowing phone 1.4. conversations on board?

conversations on board?

TASK 1. (0–4) You are going to hear three people talking about the use of mobile phones on planes. For questions 1.1.–1.4., choose the right speaker (A–C) and put a cross (X) in the appropriate column in the table. One speaker must be chosen twice. You will hear the recording twice. Which speaker A B C claims that listening in on a phone conversation is a way to handle 1.1. annoying mobile phone users? points to a change in the standards of politeness as an argument 1.2. against allowing phone conversations on board? 1.3. suggests making some alterations to aircraft interiors? questions a reason airlines may put forward for allowing phone 1.4. conversations on board?

Which is TRUE about the speaker?

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1., questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 You are going to hear an account of a problem connected with the Curiosity Rover, a motor vehicle used for exploring Mars. 2.1. Which is TRUE about the speaker? A. He had second thoughts about the board’s decision not to change anything. B. He suspected that the project manager might be responsible for the error. C. He investigated the error and insisted no change was necessary. D. He felt offended that his point of view had been ignored. 2.2. During the meeting on Saturday, A. the decision to send a software fix was made unanimously. B. the NASA headquarters demanded to have additional equations sent. C. the project manager exercised his authority in making the final decision. D. the speaker convinced the NASA headquarters that the change was a lesser evil. 2.3. When relating the conversation which followed the final decision, the speaker draws attention to the project manager’s A. pride in achieving his goal. B. praise for the speaker’s behaviour. C. dismissive attitude to the problem. D. openness to critical remarks from upper management. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 You are going to hear an interview with a cat behaviourist. 2.4. When talking about the idea of catification, Jackson Galaxy A. mentions a colleague who opposes his approach to cats. B. refers to a stereotype concerning cat owners’ living space. C. points to the link between cats’ misbehaviour and owners’ anxiety. D. explains how to introduce vertical spaces without spoiling your house interiors. 2.5. Which of the statements reflects Jackson Galaxy’s point of view? A. Cats’ behavioural problems are fostered by their owners’ absence from home. B. People do their best to contribute to their relationship with cats. C. Cats’ alleged aloofness is often misunderstood by people. D. For cats, interaction with people is merely a strategy to get fed. 2.6. Answering the question about allowing cats to roam outdoors, Jackson Galaxy A. dismisses the interviewer’s concerns about keeping cats indoors. B. advocates adopting British regulations in the US. C. questions the idea of micro-chipping cats. D. expresses his concern for cats’ safety.

1. A. He had second thoughts about the board’s decision not to change anything.
2. B. He suspected that the project manager might be responsible for the error.
3. C. He investigated the error and insisted no change was necessary.
4. D. He felt offended that his point of view had been ignored.

During the meeting on Saturday,

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1., questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 You are going to hear an account of a problem connected with the Curiosity Rover, a motor vehicle used for exploring Mars. 2.1. Which is TRUE about the speaker? A. He had second thoughts about the board’s decision not to change anything. B. He suspected that the project manager might be responsible for the error. C. He investigated the error and insisted no change was necessary. D. He felt offended that his point of view had been ignored. 2.2. During the meeting on Saturday, A. the decision to send a software fix was made unanimously. B. the NASA headquarters demanded to have additional equations sent. C. the project manager exercised his authority in making the final decision. D. the speaker convinced the NASA headquarters that the change was a lesser evil. 2.3. When relating the conversation which followed the final decision, the speaker draws attention to the project manager’s A. pride in achieving his goal. B. praise for the speaker’s behaviour. C. dismissive attitude to the problem. D. openness to critical remarks from upper management. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 You are going to hear an interview with a cat behaviourist. 2.4. When talking about the idea of catification, Jackson Galaxy A. mentions a colleague who opposes his approach to cats. B. refers to a stereotype concerning cat owners’ living space. C. points to the link between cats’ misbehaviour and owners’ anxiety. D. explains how to introduce vertical spaces without spoiling your house interiors. 2.5. Which of the statements reflects Jackson Galaxy’s point of view? A. Cats’ behavioural problems are fostered by their owners’ absence from home. B. People do their best to contribute to their relationship with cats. C. Cats’ alleged aloofness is often misunderstood by people. D. For cats, interaction with people is merely a strategy to get fed. 2.6. Answering the question about allowing cats to roam outdoors, Jackson Galaxy A. dismisses the interviewer’s concerns about keeping cats indoors. B. advocates adopting British regulations in the US. C. questions the idea of micro-chipping cats. D. expresses his concern for cats’ safety.

1. A. the decision to send a software fix was made unanimously.
2. B. the NASA headquarters demanded to have additional equations sent.
3. C. the project manager exercised his authority in making the final decision.
4. D. the speaker convinced the NASA headquarters that the change was a lesser evil.

When relating the conversation which followed the final decision, the speaker draws attention to the project manager’s

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1., questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 You are going to hear an account of a problem connected with the Curiosity Rover, a motor vehicle used for exploring Mars. 2.1. Which is TRUE about the speaker? A. He had second thoughts about the board’s decision not to change anything. B. He suspected that the project manager might be responsible for the error. C. He investigated the error and insisted no change was necessary. D. He felt offended that his point of view had been ignored. 2.2. During the meeting on Saturday, A. the decision to send a software fix was made unanimously. B. the NASA headquarters demanded to have additional equations sent. C. the project manager exercised his authority in making the final decision. D. the speaker convinced the NASA headquarters that the change was a lesser evil. 2.3. When relating the conversation which followed the final decision, the speaker draws attention to the project manager’s A. pride in achieving his goal. B. praise for the speaker’s behaviour. C. dismissive attitude to the problem. D. openness to critical remarks from upper management. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 You are going to hear an interview with a cat behaviourist. 2.4. When talking about the idea of catification, Jackson Galaxy A. mentions a colleague who opposes his approach to cats. B. refers to a stereotype concerning cat owners’ living space. C. points to the link between cats’ misbehaviour and owners’ anxiety. D. explains how to introduce vertical spaces without spoiling your house interiors. 2.5. Which of the statements reflects Jackson Galaxy’s point of view? A. Cats’ behavioural problems are fostered by their owners’ absence from home. B. People do their best to contribute to their relationship with cats. C. Cats’ alleged aloofness is often misunderstood by people. D. For cats, interaction with people is merely a strategy to get fed. 2.6. Answering the question about allowing cats to roam outdoors, Jackson Galaxy A. dismisses the interviewer’s concerns about keeping cats indoors. B. advocates adopting British regulations in the US. C. questions the idea of micro-chipping cats. D. expresses his concern for cats’ safety.

1. A. pride in achieving his goal.
2. B. praise for the speaker’s behaviour.
3. C. dismissive attitude to the problem.
4. D. openness to critical remarks from upper management.

When talking about the idea of catification, Jackson Galaxy

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1., questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 You are going to hear an account of a problem connected with the Curiosity Rover, a motor vehicle used for exploring Mars. 2.1. Which is TRUE about the speaker? A. He had second thoughts about the board’s decision not to change anything. B. He suspected that the project manager might be responsible for the error. C. He investigated the error and insisted no change was necessary. D. He felt offended that his point of view had been ignored. 2.2. During the meeting on Saturday, A. the decision to send a software fix was made unanimously. B. the NASA headquarters demanded to have additional equations sent. C. the project manager exercised his authority in making the final decision. D. the speaker convinced the NASA headquarters that the change was a lesser evil. 2.3. When relating the conversation which followed the final decision, the speaker draws attention to the project manager’s A. pride in achieving his goal. B. praise for the speaker’s behaviour. C. dismissive attitude to the problem. D. openness to critical remarks from upper management. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 You are going to hear an interview with a cat behaviourist. 2.4. When talking about the idea of catification, Jackson Galaxy A. mentions a colleague who opposes his approach to cats. B. refers to a stereotype concerning cat owners’ living space. C. points to the link between cats’ misbehaviour and owners’ anxiety. D. explains how to introduce vertical spaces without spoiling your house interiors. 2.5. Which of the statements reflects Jackson Galaxy’s point of view? A. Cats’ behavioural problems are fostered by their owners’ absence from home. B. People do their best to contribute to their relationship with cats. C. Cats’ alleged aloofness is often misunderstood by people. D. For cats, interaction with people is merely a strategy to get fed. 2.6. Answering the question about allowing cats to roam outdoors, Jackson Galaxy A. dismisses the interviewer’s concerns about keeping cats indoors. B. advocates adopting British regulations in the US. C. questions the idea of micro-chipping cats. D. expresses his concern for cats’ safety.

1. A. mentions a colleague who opposes his approach to cats.
2. B. refers to a stereotype concerning cat owners’ living space.
3. C. points to the link between cats’ misbehaviour and owners’ anxiety.
4. D. explains how to introduce vertical spaces without spoiling your house interiors.

Which of the statements reflects Jackson Galaxy’s point of view?

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1., questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 You are going to hear an account of a problem connected with the Curiosity Rover, a motor vehicle used for exploring Mars. 2.1. Which is TRUE about the speaker? A. He had second thoughts about the board’s decision not to change anything. B. He suspected that the project manager might be responsible for the error. C. He investigated the error and insisted no change was necessary. D. He felt offended that his point of view had been ignored. 2.2. During the meeting on Saturday, A. the decision to send a software fix was made unanimously. B. the NASA headquarters demanded to have additional equations sent. C. the project manager exercised his authority in making the final decision. D. the speaker convinced the NASA headquarters that the change was a lesser evil. 2.3. When relating the conversation which followed the final decision, the speaker draws attention to the project manager’s A. pride in achieving his goal. B. praise for the speaker’s behaviour. C. dismissive attitude to the problem. D. openness to critical remarks from upper management. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 You are going to hear an interview with a cat behaviourist. 2.4. When talking about the idea of catification, Jackson Galaxy A. mentions a colleague who opposes his approach to cats. B. refers to a stereotype concerning cat owners’ living space. C. points to the link between cats’ misbehaviour and owners’ anxiety. D. explains how to introduce vertical spaces without spoiling your house interiors. 2.5. Which of the statements reflects Jackson Galaxy’s point of view? A. Cats’ behavioural problems are fostered by their owners’ absence from home. B. People do their best to contribute to their relationship with cats. C. Cats’ alleged aloofness is often misunderstood by people. D. For cats, interaction with people is merely a strategy to get fed. 2.6. Answering the question about allowing cats to roam outdoors, Jackson Galaxy A. dismisses the interviewer’s concerns about keeping cats indoors. B. advocates adopting British regulations in the US. C. questions the idea of micro-chipping cats. D. expresses his concern for cats’ safety.

1. A. Cats’ behavioural problems are fostered by their owners’ absence from home.
2. B. People do their best to contribute to their relationship with cats.
3. C. Cats’ alleged aloofness is often misunderstood by people.
4. D. For cats, interaction with people is merely a strategy to get fed.

Answering the question about allowing cats to roam outdoors, Jackson Galaxy

TASK 2. (0–6) You are going to hear two texts. For questions 2.1.–2.6., choose the answer which best matches what you have heard by circling the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Questions 2.1.–2.3. are for Text 1., questions 2.4.–2.6. are for Text 2. You will hear the recording twice. Text 1 You are going to hear an account of a problem connected with the Curiosity Rover, a motor vehicle used for exploring Mars. 2.1. Which is TRUE about the speaker? A. He had second thoughts about the board’s decision not to change anything. B. He suspected that the project manager might be responsible for the error. C. He investigated the error and insisted no change was necessary. D. He felt offended that his point of view had been ignored. 2.2. During the meeting on Saturday, A. the decision to send a software fix was made unanimously. B. the NASA headquarters demanded to have additional equations sent. C. the project manager exercised his authority in making the final decision. D. the speaker convinced the NASA headquarters that the change was a lesser evil. 2.3. When relating the conversation which followed the final decision, the speaker draws attention to the project manager’s A. pride in achieving his goal. B. praise for the speaker’s behaviour. C. dismissive attitude to the problem. D. openness to critical remarks from upper management. Strona 2 z 18 MAD-1A Text 2 You are going to hear an interview with a cat behaviourist. 2.4. When talking about the idea of catification, Jackson Galaxy A. mentions a colleague who opposes his approach to cats. B. refers to a stereotype concerning cat owners’ living space. C. points to the link between cats’ misbehaviour and owners’ anxiety. D. explains how to introduce vertical spaces without spoiling your house interiors. 2.5. Which of the statements reflects Jackson Galaxy’s point of view? A. Cats’ behavioural problems are fostered by their owners’ absence from home. B. People do their best to contribute to their relationship with cats. C. Cats’ alleged aloofness is often misunderstood by people. D. For cats, interaction with people is merely a strategy to get fed. 2.6. Answering the question about allowing cats to roam outdoors, Jackson Galaxy A. dismisses the interviewer’s concerns about keeping cats indoors. B. advocates adopting British regulations in the US. C. questions the idea of micro-chipping cats. D. expresses his concern for cats’ safety.

1. A. dismisses the interviewer’s concerns about keeping cats indoors.
2. B. advocates adopting British regulations in the US.
3. C. questions the idea of micro-chipping cats.
4. D. expresses his concern for cats’ safety.

The skyscraper discussed in the programme has a distinct shape – it __________________ _______________________________________________ the top.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear a radio programme about a building in London. Based on what you hear, complete the gap in each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with one or a few words. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. The skyscraper discussed in the programme has a distinct shape – it __________________ _______________________________________________ the top. 3.2. Property damage in the area was caused by ____________________________________ ____________ from the building’s façade. 3.3. As a short-term precautionary measure, some parts of the building ___________________ ____________________________________________________. 3.4. The plan for installing sun louvres protecting the building was abandoned in an attempt to _______________________________________________________________________. 3.5. In the final part of the programme, the speaker expresses ___________________________ ________________________ the architect’s behaviour. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

Property damage in the area was caused by ____________________________________ ____________ from the building’s façade.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear a radio programme about a building in London. Based on what you hear, complete the gap in each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with one or a few words. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. The skyscraper discussed in the programme has a distinct shape – it __________________ _______________________________________________ the top. 3.2. Property damage in the area was caused by ____________________________________ ____________ from the building’s façade. 3.3. As a short-term precautionary measure, some parts of the building ___________________ ____________________________________________________. 3.4. The plan for installing sun louvres protecting the building was abandoned in an attempt to _______________________________________________________________________. 3.5. In the final part of the programme, the speaker expresses ___________________________ ________________________ the architect’s behaviour. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

As a short-term precautionary measure, some parts of the building ___________________ ____________________________________________________.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear a radio programme about a building in London. Based on what you hear, complete the gap in each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with one or a few words. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. The skyscraper discussed in the programme has a distinct shape – it __________________ _______________________________________________ the top. 3.2. Property damage in the area was caused by ____________________________________ ____________ from the building’s façade. 3.3. As a short-term precautionary measure, some parts of the building ___________________ ____________________________________________________. 3.4. The plan for installing sun louvres protecting the building was abandoned in an attempt to _______________________________________________________________________. 3.5. In the final part of the programme, the speaker expresses ___________________________ ________________________ the architect’s behaviour. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

The plan for installing sun louvres protecting the building was abandoned in an attempt to _______________________________________________________________________.

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear a radio programme about a building in London. Based on what you hear, complete the gap in each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with one or a few words. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. The skyscraper discussed in the programme has a distinct shape – it __________________ _______________________________________________ the top. 3.2. Property damage in the area was caused by ____________________________________ ____________ from the building’s façade. 3.3. As a short-term precautionary measure, some parts of the building ___________________ ____________________________________________________. 3.4. The plan for installing sun louvres protecting the building was abandoned in an attempt to _______________________________________________________________________. 3.5. In the final part of the programme, the speaker expresses ___________________________ ________________________ the architect’s behaviour. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

In the final part of the programme, the speaker expresses ___________________________ ________________________ the architect’s behaviour. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

TASK 3. (0–5) You are going to hear a radio programme about a building in London. Based on what you hear, complete the gap in each sentence (3.1.–3.5.) with one or a few words. You will hear the recording twice. 3.1. The skyscraper discussed in the programme has a distinct shape – it __________________ _______________________________________________ the top. 3.2. Property damage in the area was caused by ____________________________________ ____________ from the building’s façade. 3.3. As a short-term precautionary measure, some parts of the building ___________________ ____________________________________________________. 3.4. The plan for installing sun louvres protecting the building was abandoned in an attempt to _______________________________________________________________________. 3.5. In the final part of the programme, the speaker expresses ___________________________ ________________________ the architect’s behaviour. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO TASKS 1 AND 2 TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 3 z 18

Upon his arrival on campus, David

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about the beginning of student life. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 THE ARRIVAL “David,” my mother said, “we are here.” I sat up straight as we passed through the main gate of Harvard Yard in a caravan of unassuming vehicles, rooftops glaring under the noonday sun. Police officers conducted the stammering traffic along the designated route. Freshmen and parents lugged suitcases and boxes heaped with bedding, posing for photos before the red-brick dormitories with the shameless glee of tourists. A pair of lanky boys sailed a Frisbee over late-summer grass in lazy parabolas. A timpani concerto pounded in my chest as we made landfall upon the hallowed ground that had been locked in my sights for years. We’d arrived. I’d arrived. “For the tuition we’re paying,” my father said, carefully reversing into a spot, “you’d think they could give us more than twenty minutes to park.” My parents climbed out of the car and circled around to the popped trunk. After tugging in vain at my door handle, I tapped on the window. “Where’d he go?” I could hear my mother ask. “In here,” I shouted, knocking louder. “Sorry, thought you got out,” my father said following my liberation. I checked in under a white tent and received my room key, a bulky orientation packet and an ID card. It read David Alan Federman, Harvard Student. When we reached Matthew Hall, we shuffled to the fourth floor. The doors were marked with signs listing the occupants and their hometowns, stamped with Harvard’s Veritas shield. My roommate, Steven Zenger, had yet to arrive. I claimed the front room, envisioning it would lead to impromptu visitors, a revolving door of campus characters popping in, lounging on my bed, gossiping late into the night. My parents took my student card and fetched the remaining stuff as I unpacked. “Well,” said my mother after setting down the final box. “This is exciting. I wish I were starting college again.” “And I bet you’ll find your tribe,” my father added. “You’ll have a great time here,” he said with the hollow brightness of an appliance manual congratulating you on your purchase. “Yep.” Sensing more imperatives and prophecies, which I was fed up with, I opened the door to let them out. After our own swift hug, my mother pushed my father into initiating an avuncular, back-patting clinch and they left. The door swung shut with a muted click. I resumed unpacking, yanking the price tags off a few items. I was standing inside my closet, hanging shirts, when the door flew open and my roommate bounded into the room, his equally enthusiastic parents in tow. “David!” he said. “Almost didn’t see you. I’m Steven.” He walked over with his arm puppetishly bobbing for me to shake. “If I look different from my Facebook photo, it’s because I got braces again last week,” he said. “But just for six months. Or five and three quarters now.” Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A All hopes I had of a roommate who would upgrade me to a higher social stratum snagged on the gleaming barnacles of Steven’s orthodontia. I could sit back and laugh at the irony of it. He would have fit right in at my cafeteria table at Garret Hobart High, where I sat with a miscellaneous coalition of outcasts who had banded together less out of friendship than survival instinct. We rarely associated outside of school and sheepishly nodded when passing in the halls, aware that each of us somehow reduced the standing of the other. adapted from Loner by Teddy Wayne 4.1. Upon his arrival on campus, David A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions. 4.2. David decided to take the front room because A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there. 4.3. While parting from his parents, David A. was weary of their comments. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman. 4.4. In the last paragraph, David A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors. 4.6. According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges. C. the labour market value of a particular major. D. concerns about paying back student loans. 4.7. Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon.
2. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car.
3. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack.
4. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions.

David decided to take the front room because

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about the beginning of student life. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 THE ARRIVAL “David,” my mother said, “we are here.” I sat up straight as we passed through the main gate of Harvard Yard in a caravan of unassuming vehicles, rooftops glaring under the noonday sun. Police officers conducted the stammering traffic along the designated route. Freshmen and parents lugged suitcases and boxes heaped with bedding, posing for photos before the red-brick dormitories with the shameless glee of tourists. A pair of lanky boys sailed a Frisbee over late-summer grass in lazy parabolas. A timpani concerto pounded in my chest as we made landfall upon the hallowed ground that had been locked in my sights for years. We’d arrived. I’d arrived. “For the tuition we’re paying,” my father said, carefully reversing into a spot, “you’d think they could give us more than twenty minutes to park.” My parents climbed out of the car and circled around to the popped trunk. After tugging in vain at my door handle, I tapped on the window. “Where’d he go?” I could hear my mother ask. “In here,” I shouted, knocking louder. “Sorry, thought you got out,” my father said following my liberation. I checked in under a white tent and received my room key, a bulky orientation packet and an ID card. It read David Alan Federman, Harvard Student. When we reached Matthew Hall, we shuffled to the fourth floor. The doors were marked with signs listing the occupants and their hometowns, stamped with Harvard’s Veritas shield. My roommate, Steven Zenger, had yet to arrive. I claimed the front room, envisioning it would lead to impromptu visitors, a revolving door of campus characters popping in, lounging on my bed, gossiping late into the night. My parents took my student card and fetched the remaining stuff as I unpacked. “Well,” said my mother after setting down the final box. “This is exciting. I wish I were starting college again.” “And I bet you’ll find your tribe,” my father added. “You’ll have a great time here,” he said with the hollow brightness of an appliance manual congratulating you on your purchase. “Yep.” Sensing more imperatives and prophecies, which I was fed up with, I opened the door to let them out. After our own swift hug, my mother pushed my father into initiating an avuncular, back-patting clinch and they left. The door swung shut with a muted click. I resumed unpacking, yanking the price tags off a few items. I was standing inside my closet, hanging shirts, when the door flew open and my roommate bounded into the room, his equally enthusiastic parents in tow. “David!” he said. “Almost didn’t see you. I’m Steven.” He walked over with his arm puppetishly bobbing for me to shake. “If I look different from my Facebook photo, it’s because I got braces again last week,” he said. “But just for six months. Or five and three quarters now.” Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A All hopes I had of a roommate who would upgrade me to a higher social stratum snagged on the gleaming barnacles of Steven’s orthodontia. I could sit back and laugh at the irony of it. He would have fit right in at my cafeteria table at Garret Hobart High, where I sat with a miscellaneous coalition of outcasts who had banded together less out of friendship than survival instinct. We rarely associated outside of school and sheepishly nodded when passing in the halls, aware that each of us somehow reduced the standing of the other. adapted from Loner by Teddy Wayne 4.1. Upon his arrival on campus, David A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions. 4.2. David decided to take the front room because A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there. 4.3. While parting from his parents, David A. was weary of their comments. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman. 4.4. In the last paragraph, David A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors. 4.6. According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges. C. the labour market value of a particular major. D. concerns about paying back student loans. 4.7. Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life.
2. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one.
3. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing.
4. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there.

While parting from his parents, David

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about the beginning of student life. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 THE ARRIVAL “David,” my mother said, “we are here.” I sat up straight as we passed through the main gate of Harvard Yard in a caravan of unassuming vehicles, rooftops glaring under the noonday sun. Police officers conducted the stammering traffic along the designated route. Freshmen and parents lugged suitcases and boxes heaped with bedding, posing for photos before the red-brick dormitories with the shameless glee of tourists. A pair of lanky boys sailed a Frisbee over late-summer grass in lazy parabolas. A timpani concerto pounded in my chest as we made landfall upon the hallowed ground that had been locked in my sights for years. We’d arrived. I’d arrived. “For the tuition we’re paying,” my father said, carefully reversing into a spot, “you’d think they could give us more than twenty minutes to park.” My parents climbed out of the car and circled around to the popped trunk. After tugging in vain at my door handle, I tapped on the window. “Where’d he go?” I could hear my mother ask. “In here,” I shouted, knocking louder. “Sorry, thought you got out,” my father said following my liberation. I checked in under a white tent and received my room key, a bulky orientation packet and an ID card. It read David Alan Federman, Harvard Student. When we reached Matthew Hall, we shuffled to the fourth floor. The doors were marked with signs listing the occupants and their hometowns, stamped with Harvard’s Veritas shield. My roommate, Steven Zenger, had yet to arrive. I claimed the front room, envisioning it would lead to impromptu visitors, a revolving door of campus characters popping in, lounging on my bed, gossiping late into the night. My parents took my student card and fetched the remaining stuff as I unpacked. “Well,” said my mother after setting down the final box. “This is exciting. I wish I were starting college again.” “And I bet you’ll find your tribe,” my father added. “You’ll have a great time here,” he said with the hollow brightness of an appliance manual congratulating you on your purchase. “Yep.” Sensing more imperatives and prophecies, which I was fed up with, I opened the door to let them out. After our own swift hug, my mother pushed my father into initiating an avuncular, back-patting clinch and they left. The door swung shut with a muted click. I resumed unpacking, yanking the price tags off a few items. I was standing inside my closet, hanging shirts, when the door flew open and my roommate bounded into the room, his equally enthusiastic parents in tow. “David!” he said. “Almost didn’t see you. I’m Steven.” He walked over with his arm puppetishly bobbing for me to shake. “If I look different from my Facebook photo, it’s because I got braces again last week,” he said. “But just for six months. Or five and three quarters now.” Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A All hopes I had of a roommate who would upgrade me to a higher social stratum snagged on the gleaming barnacles of Steven’s orthodontia. I could sit back and laugh at the irony of it. He would have fit right in at my cafeteria table at Garret Hobart High, where I sat with a miscellaneous coalition of outcasts who had banded together less out of friendship than survival instinct. We rarely associated outside of school and sheepishly nodded when passing in the halls, aware that each of us somehow reduced the standing of the other. adapted from Loner by Teddy Wayne 4.1. Upon his arrival on campus, David A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions. 4.2. David decided to take the front room because A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there. 4.3. While parting from his parents, David A. was weary of their comments. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman. 4.4. In the last paragraph, David A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors. 4.6. According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges. C. the labour market value of a particular major. D. concerns about paying back student loans. 4.7. Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. was weary of their comments.
2. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father.
3. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life.
4. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman.

In the last paragraph, David

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about the beginning of student life. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 THE ARRIVAL “David,” my mother said, “we are here.” I sat up straight as we passed through the main gate of Harvard Yard in a caravan of unassuming vehicles, rooftops glaring under the noonday sun. Police officers conducted the stammering traffic along the designated route. Freshmen and parents lugged suitcases and boxes heaped with bedding, posing for photos before the red-brick dormitories with the shameless glee of tourists. A pair of lanky boys sailed a Frisbee over late-summer grass in lazy parabolas. A timpani concerto pounded in my chest as we made landfall upon the hallowed ground that had been locked in my sights for years. We’d arrived. I’d arrived. “For the tuition we’re paying,” my father said, carefully reversing into a spot, “you’d think they could give us more than twenty minutes to park.” My parents climbed out of the car and circled around to the popped trunk. After tugging in vain at my door handle, I tapped on the window. “Where’d he go?” I could hear my mother ask. “In here,” I shouted, knocking louder. “Sorry, thought you got out,” my father said following my liberation. I checked in under a white tent and received my room key, a bulky orientation packet and an ID card. It read David Alan Federman, Harvard Student. When we reached Matthew Hall, we shuffled to the fourth floor. The doors were marked with signs listing the occupants and their hometowns, stamped with Harvard’s Veritas shield. My roommate, Steven Zenger, had yet to arrive. I claimed the front room, envisioning it would lead to impromptu visitors, a revolving door of campus characters popping in, lounging on my bed, gossiping late into the night. My parents took my student card and fetched the remaining stuff as I unpacked. “Well,” said my mother after setting down the final box. “This is exciting. I wish I were starting college again.” “And I bet you’ll find your tribe,” my father added. “You’ll have a great time here,” he said with the hollow brightness of an appliance manual congratulating you on your purchase. “Yep.” Sensing more imperatives and prophecies, which I was fed up with, I opened the door to let them out. After our own swift hug, my mother pushed my father into initiating an avuncular, back-patting clinch and they left. The door swung shut with a muted click. I resumed unpacking, yanking the price tags off a few items. I was standing inside my closet, hanging shirts, when the door flew open and my roommate bounded into the room, his equally enthusiastic parents in tow. “David!” he said. “Almost didn’t see you. I’m Steven.” He walked over with his arm puppetishly bobbing for me to shake. “If I look different from my Facebook photo, it’s because I got braces again last week,” he said. “But just for six months. Or five and three quarters now.” Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A All hopes I had of a roommate who would upgrade me to a higher social stratum snagged on the gleaming barnacles of Steven’s orthodontia. I could sit back and laugh at the irony of it. He would have fit right in at my cafeteria table at Garret Hobart High, where I sat with a miscellaneous coalition of outcasts who had banded together less out of friendship than survival instinct. We rarely associated outside of school and sheepishly nodded when passing in the halls, aware that each of us somehow reduced the standing of the other. adapted from Loner by Teddy Wayne 4.1. Upon his arrival on campus, David A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions. 4.2. David decided to take the front room because A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there. 4.3. While parting from his parents, David A. was weary of their comments. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman. 4.4. In the last paragraph, David A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors. 4.6. According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges. C. the labour market value of a particular major. D. concerns about paying back student loans. 4.7. Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with.
2. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven.
3. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status.
4. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk

The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about the beginning of student life. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 THE ARRIVAL “David,” my mother said, “we are here.” I sat up straight as we passed through the main gate of Harvard Yard in a caravan of unassuming vehicles, rooftops glaring under the noonday sun. Police officers conducted the stammering traffic along the designated route. Freshmen and parents lugged suitcases and boxes heaped with bedding, posing for photos before the red-brick dormitories with the shameless glee of tourists. A pair of lanky boys sailed a Frisbee over late-summer grass in lazy parabolas. A timpani concerto pounded in my chest as we made landfall upon the hallowed ground that had been locked in my sights for years. We’d arrived. I’d arrived. “For the tuition we’re paying,” my father said, carefully reversing into a spot, “you’d think they could give us more than twenty minutes to park.” My parents climbed out of the car and circled around to the popped trunk. After tugging in vain at my door handle, I tapped on the window. “Where’d he go?” I could hear my mother ask. “In here,” I shouted, knocking louder. “Sorry, thought you got out,” my father said following my liberation. I checked in under a white tent and received my room key, a bulky orientation packet and an ID card. It read David Alan Federman, Harvard Student. When we reached Matthew Hall, we shuffled to the fourth floor. The doors were marked with signs listing the occupants and their hometowns, stamped with Harvard’s Veritas shield. My roommate, Steven Zenger, had yet to arrive. I claimed the front room, envisioning it would lead to impromptu visitors, a revolving door of campus characters popping in, lounging on my bed, gossiping late into the night. My parents took my student card and fetched the remaining stuff as I unpacked. “Well,” said my mother after setting down the final box. “This is exciting. I wish I were starting college again.” “And I bet you’ll find your tribe,” my father added. “You’ll have a great time here,” he said with the hollow brightness of an appliance manual congratulating you on your purchase. “Yep.” Sensing more imperatives and prophecies, which I was fed up with, I opened the door to let them out. After our own swift hug, my mother pushed my father into initiating an avuncular, back-patting clinch and they left. The door swung shut with a muted click. I resumed unpacking, yanking the price tags off a few items. I was standing inside my closet, hanging shirts, when the door flew open and my roommate bounded into the room, his equally enthusiastic parents in tow. “David!” he said. “Almost didn’t see you. I’m Steven.” He walked over with his arm puppetishly bobbing for me to shake. “If I look different from my Facebook photo, it’s because I got braces again last week,” he said. “But just for six months. Or five and three quarters now.” Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A All hopes I had of a roommate who would upgrade me to a higher social stratum snagged on the gleaming barnacles of Steven’s orthodontia. I could sit back and laugh at the irony of it. He would have fit right in at my cafeteria table at Garret Hobart High, where I sat with a miscellaneous coalition of outcasts who had banded together less out of friendship than survival instinct. We rarely associated outside of school and sheepishly nodded when passing in the halls, aware that each of us somehow reduced the standing of the other. adapted from Loner by Teddy Wayne 4.1. Upon his arrival on campus, David A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions. 4.2. David decided to take the front room because A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there. 4.3. While parting from his parents, David A. was weary of their comments. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman. 4.4. In the last paragraph, David A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors. 4.6. According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges. C. the labour market value of a particular major. D. concerns about paying back student loans. 4.7. Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly.
2. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk.
3. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves.
4. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors.

According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about the beginning of student life. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 THE ARRIVAL “David,” my mother said, “we are here.” I sat up straight as we passed through the main gate of Harvard Yard in a caravan of unassuming vehicles, rooftops glaring under the noonday sun. Police officers conducted the stammering traffic along the designated route. Freshmen and parents lugged suitcases and boxes heaped with bedding, posing for photos before the red-brick dormitories with the shameless glee of tourists. A pair of lanky boys sailed a Frisbee over late-summer grass in lazy parabolas. A timpani concerto pounded in my chest as we made landfall upon the hallowed ground that had been locked in my sights for years. We’d arrived. I’d arrived. “For the tuition we’re paying,” my father said, carefully reversing into a spot, “you’d think they could give us more than twenty minutes to park.” My parents climbed out of the car and circled around to the popped trunk. After tugging in vain at my door handle, I tapped on the window. “Where’d he go?” I could hear my mother ask. “In here,” I shouted, knocking louder. “Sorry, thought you got out,” my father said following my liberation. I checked in under a white tent and received my room key, a bulky orientation packet and an ID card. It read David Alan Federman, Harvard Student. When we reached Matthew Hall, we shuffled to the fourth floor. The doors were marked with signs listing the occupants and their hometowns, stamped with Harvard’s Veritas shield. My roommate, Steven Zenger, had yet to arrive. I claimed the front room, envisioning it would lead to impromptu visitors, a revolving door of campus characters popping in, lounging on my bed, gossiping late into the night. My parents took my student card and fetched the remaining stuff as I unpacked. “Well,” said my mother after setting down the final box. “This is exciting. I wish I were starting college again.” “And I bet you’ll find your tribe,” my father added. “You’ll have a great time here,” he said with the hollow brightness of an appliance manual congratulating you on your purchase. “Yep.” Sensing more imperatives and prophecies, which I was fed up with, I opened the door to let them out. After our own swift hug, my mother pushed my father into initiating an avuncular, back-patting clinch and they left. The door swung shut with a muted click. I resumed unpacking, yanking the price tags off a few items. I was standing inside my closet, hanging shirts, when the door flew open and my roommate bounded into the room, his equally enthusiastic parents in tow. “David!” he said. “Almost didn’t see you. I’m Steven.” He walked over with his arm puppetishly bobbing for me to shake. “If I look different from my Facebook photo, it’s because I got braces again last week,” he said. “But just for six months. Or five and three quarters now.” Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A All hopes I had of a roommate who would upgrade me to a higher social stratum snagged on the gleaming barnacles of Steven’s orthodontia. I could sit back and laugh at the irony of it. He would have fit right in at my cafeteria table at Garret Hobart High, where I sat with a miscellaneous coalition of outcasts who had banded together less out of friendship than survival instinct. We rarely associated outside of school and sheepishly nodded when passing in the halls, aware that each of us somehow reduced the standing of the other. adapted from Loner by Teddy Wayne 4.1. Upon his arrival on campus, David A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions. 4.2. David decided to take the front room because A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there. 4.3. While parting from his parents, David A. was weary of their comments. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman. 4.4. In the last paragraph, David A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors. 4.6. According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges. C. the labour market value of a particular major. D. concerns about paying back student loans. 4.7. Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major.
2. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges.
3. C. the labour market value of a particular major.
4. D. concerns about paying back student loans.

Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that

TASK 4. (0–7) Read two texts about the beginning of student life. For questions 4.1.–4.7., choose the answer that best matches the text and circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). Text 1 THE ARRIVAL “David,” my mother said, “we are here.” I sat up straight as we passed through the main gate of Harvard Yard in a caravan of unassuming vehicles, rooftops glaring under the noonday sun. Police officers conducted the stammering traffic along the designated route. Freshmen and parents lugged suitcases and boxes heaped with bedding, posing for photos before the red-brick dormitories with the shameless glee of tourists. A pair of lanky boys sailed a Frisbee over late-summer grass in lazy parabolas. A timpani concerto pounded in my chest as we made landfall upon the hallowed ground that had been locked in my sights for years. We’d arrived. I’d arrived. “For the tuition we’re paying,” my father said, carefully reversing into a spot, “you’d think they could give us more than twenty minutes to park.” My parents climbed out of the car and circled around to the popped trunk. After tugging in vain at my door handle, I tapped on the window. “Where’d he go?” I could hear my mother ask. “In here,” I shouted, knocking louder. “Sorry, thought you got out,” my father said following my liberation. I checked in under a white tent and received my room key, a bulky orientation packet and an ID card. It read David Alan Federman, Harvard Student. When we reached Matthew Hall, we shuffled to the fourth floor. The doors were marked with signs listing the occupants and their hometowns, stamped with Harvard’s Veritas shield. My roommate, Steven Zenger, had yet to arrive. I claimed the front room, envisioning it would lead to impromptu visitors, a revolving door of campus characters popping in, lounging on my bed, gossiping late into the night. My parents took my student card and fetched the remaining stuff as I unpacked. “Well,” said my mother after setting down the final box. “This is exciting. I wish I were starting college again.” “And I bet you’ll find your tribe,” my father added. “You’ll have a great time here,” he said with the hollow brightness of an appliance manual congratulating you on your purchase. “Yep.” Sensing more imperatives and prophecies, which I was fed up with, I opened the door to let them out. After our own swift hug, my mother pushed my father into initiating an avuncular, back-patting clinch and they left. The door swung shut with a muted click. I resumed unpacking, yanking the price tags off a few items. I was standing inside my closet, hanging shirts, when the door flew open and my roommate bounded into the room, his equally enthusiastic parents in tow. “David!” he said. “Almost didn’t see you. I’m Steven.” He walked over with his arm puppetishly bobbing for me to shake. “If I look different from my Facebook photo, it’s because I got braces again last week,” he said. “But just for six months. Or five and three quarters now.” Strona 4 z 18 MAD-1A All hopes I had of a roommate who would upgrade me to a higher social stratum snagged on the gleaming barnacles of Steven’s orthodontia. I could sit back and laugh at the irony of it. He would have fit right in at my cafeteria table at Garret Hobart High, where I sat with a miscellaneous coalition of outcasts who had banded together less out of friendship than survival instinct. We rarely associated outside of school and sheepishly nodded when passing in the halls, aware that each of us somehow reduced the standing of the other. adapted from Loner by Teddy Wayne 4.1. Upon his arrival on campus, David A. chose to take pleasure in the summer afternoon. B. encountered a problem when trying to leave the car. C. was reluctant to get out of the car and unpack. D. was overwhelmed by negative emotions. 4.2. David decided to take the front room because A. he wanted to avoid the hustle of campus life. B. his roommate had already reserved the other one. C. he anticipated the prospects of intense socializing. D. it was more convenient to move all his belongings there. 4.3. While parting from his parents, David A. was weary of their comments. B. was spontaneously embraced by his father. C. received skeptical remarks about his new stage of life. D. appreciated their efforts to help him settle down as a freshman. 4.4. In the last paragraph, David A. ridicules the people Steven hangs out with. B. expresses his disappointment with Steven. C. cherishes hopes that Steven might upgrade his social status. D. points to the differences between his schoolmates and Steven. MAD-1A Strona 5 z 18 Text 2 DON’T RUSH WITH YOUR MAJOR May 1st is traditionally the deadline for high school seniors in the US to finally make a decision about where they’re going to college in the fall. In the coming months, seniors and their parents will inevitably be tormented with questions about the choice of school they made. Such questions are more than often followed by this one: What’s your major going to be? Even in today’s fast-moving economy, where industries expand and contract at an alarming pace, students are often asked to select a major at 18. But the truth is that most college freshmen really have a rather vague idea of what they want to do, even if they declare a major before they arrive on campus. That’s why a quarter of freshmen change their major by the end of their first year of college and around 50% say they intend to change it. Some students hedge their bets by picking two majors, one they favor and one they think might offer them better career prospects and a bigger paycheck. At some elite schools, the ranks of double majors now make up 30 to 40 percent of graduates. Unfortunately, given the rising price of a college education, too many decisions about majors these days are driven by the expected return on investment after graduation. Lifetime earnings between bachelor degree recipients can vary greatly depending on the major. According to a study released by Georgetown University’s Center on Education and the Workforce, graduates with the highest-paying major (petroleum engineering) earn $3.4 million more than those with the lowest-paying major (early childhood education) during the course of a career. The study, which analyzed wages for 137 college majors, found that of the 25 highest-paying majors, all were in either the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and maths) or business and economics. However, Tony Carnevale, the director of the Georgetown Center, warns students who pick their majors solely on the basis of the expected paycheck not to count their money too quickly because salaries differ greatly within majors. He notes, for example, that the top quarter earners who majored in humanities or the liberal arts make more than the bottom quarter of engineering majors. If freshmen see majors as flexible, they should be encouraged to explore their options in their first year of college to see what actually interests them. There’s no need to rush the decision. adapted from www.independent.co.uk Strona 6 z 18 MAD-1A 4.5. The phrase “students hedge their bets by picking two majors” used in the 3rd paragraph means that students A. treat choosing both of their majors too lightheartedly. B. put their chances of successfully completing both majors at risk. C. commit to two majors in the hope of ensuring better career prospects for themselves. D. doubt their ability to comply with the requirements imposed by both majors. 4.6. According to the article, the choice of academic discipline is often conditioned by A. the amount of money an undergraduate can save while doing the major. B. the affordability of tuition fees charged by colleges. C. the labour market value of a particular major. D. concerns about paying back student loans. 4.7. Tony Carnevale draws attention to the fact that A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

1. A. one fourth of students typically choose high-paying majors.
2. B. completing a major in engineering guarantees economic prosperity.
3. C. degree holders in some majors are disappointed with their income.
4. D. there are discrepancies in earnings among the graduates from the same major. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 7 z 18

TASK 5. (0–4) Read the article. Four sentences have been removed from the text. Complete each gap (5.1.–5.4.) with the sentence which fits best and put the appropriate letter (A–E) in each gap. There is one sentence which you do not need to use. LIVING BENEATH THE WAVES If there is any place on earth where you can expect to find true believers in the imminent coming of manned undersea outposts or spectacular domed colonies on the ocean floor, it would be here, in Key Largo. 5.1. _____ And it is in Key Largo that you find divers like Ian Koblick, for whom this place is a perfect environment. His even tan hints at his lifetime of outdoor ventures. The wood-paneled walls around Koblick’s office are filled with memorabilia that attest to his years as an undersea pioneer. For many centuries, the idea of housing human divers on the seabed was unthinkable. 5.2. _____ In order to avoid painful internal injuries and even death, typical dives to modest depths of, say, up to 100 feet lasted only minutes, not the days or weeks that would be necessary to live and work out of a seafloor habitat. But then, a U.S. Navy doctor, George Bond, caused a stir by questioning the conventional diving limits. He and his team started to test the concept known as saturation diving, which turned out to be the key to prolonged underwater stays. Koblick was among the early converts to the concept of undersea living when it came of age in the 1960s. 5.3. _____ The nascent quest to equip aquanauts to live in “inner space,” as some called the vast undersea realm, never got anything close to the billions of dollars pumped into launching the Apollo astronauts into outer space, but it still turned into a cutting-edge industry. Koblick may sound like a romantic dreamer for his enduring belief in the value of seabed habitats and his persistent efforts, over many years, to create new ones. But he is not alone. 5.4. _____ They work out of a pair of canal front houses whose interiors have been transformed over the years into mission control for the world’s only surviving full-fledged sea base, called Aquarius. The base has spent more than two decades perched out on a reef 60 feet below the surface and 9 miles from the shore, serving as a scientific research base in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The combined activities of this public, science-oriented habitat and Koblick’s private Undersea Park make Key Largo a destination where aquatic dreams live on. adapted from http://discovermagazine.com Strona 8 z 18 MAD-1A A. This peculiar idea developed in the shadow of the momentous achievements and discoveries brought about by the grueling race to the Moon. B. Even with the advent of modern scuba diving, strict depth and time limits were inevitable because of the physiological effects that come from breathing underwater and under pressure. C. Although the new habitat could accommodate three separate teams of 10 aquanauts for two weeks each, it did not meet other requirements. D. Just a couple of miles from Koblick’s office along the Overseas Highway, you’ll find a cadre of believers, one or two dozen of them, depending on the day. E. This first major stop along the 100-mile Overseas Highway to Key West is home to the world’s only underwater hotel, the only continuously operating underwater lab and the only undersea research base. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

_____ In order to avoid painful internal injuries and even death, typical dives to modest depths of, say, up to 100 feet lasted only minutes, not the days or weeks that would be necessary to live and work out of a seafloor habitat. But then, a U.S. Navy doctor, George Bond, caused a stir by questioning the conventional diving limits. He and his team started to test the concept known as saturation diving, which turned out to be the key to prolonged underwater stays. Koblick was among the early converts to the concept of undersea living when it came of age in the 1960s. 5.3. _____ The nascent quest to equip aquanauts to live in “inner space,” as some called the vast undersea realm, never got anything close to the billions of dollars pumped into launching the Apollo astronauts into outer space, but it still turned into a cutting-edge industry. Koblick may sound like a romantic dreamer for his enduring belief in the value of seabed habitats and his persistent efforts, over many years, to create new ones. But he is not alone. 5.4. _____ They work out of a pair of canal front houses whose interiors have been transformed over the years into mission control for the world’s only surviving full-fledged sea base, called Aquarius. The base has spent more than two decades perched out on a reef 60 feet below the surface and 9 miles from the shore, serving as a scientific research base in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The combined activities of this public, science-oriented habitat and Koblick’s private Undersea Park make Key Largo a destination where aquatic dreams live on. adapted from http://discovermagazine.com Strona 8 z 18 MAD-1A

TASK 5. (0–4) Read the article. Four sentences have been removed from the text. Complete each gap (5.1.–5.4.) with the sentence which fits best and put the appropriate letter (A–E) in each gap. There is one sentence which you do not need to use. LIVING BENEATH THE WAVES If there is any place on earth where you can expect to find true believers in the imminent coming of manned undersea outposts or spectacular domed colonies on the ocean floor, it would be here, in Key Largo. 5.1. _____ And it is in Key Largo that you find divers like Ian Koblick, for whom this place is a perfect environment. His even tan hints at his lifetime of outdoor ventures. The wood-paneled walls around Koblick’s office are filled with memorabilia that attest to his years as an undersea pioneer. For many centuries, the idea of housing human divers on the seabed was unthinkable. 5.2. _____ In order to avoid painful internal injuries and even death, typical dives to modest depths of, say, up to 100 feet lasted only minutes, not the days or weeks that would be necessary to live and work out of a seafloor habitat. But then, a U.S. Navy doctor, George Bond, caused a stir by questioning the conventional diving limits. He and his team started to test the concept known as saturation diving, which turned out to be the key to prolonged underwater stays. Koblick was among the early converts to the concept of undersea living when it came of age in the 1960s. 5.3. _____ The nascent quest to equip aquanauts to live in “inner space,” as some called the vast undersea realm, never got anything close to the billions of dollars pumped into launching the Apollo astronauts into outer space, but it still turned into a cutting-edge industry. Koblick may sound like a romantic dreamer for his enduring belief in the value of seabed habitats and his persistent efforts, over many years, to create new ones. But he is not alone. 5.4. _____ They work out of a pair of canal front houses whose interiors have been transformed over the years into mission control for the world’s only surviving full-fledged sea base, called Aquarius. The base has spent more than two decades perched out on a reef 60 feet below the surface and 9 miles from the shore, serving as a scientific research base in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The combined activities of this public, science-oriented habitat and Koblick’s private Undersea Park make Key Largo a destination where aquatic dreams live on. adapted from http://discovermagazine.com Strona 8 z 18 MAD-1A A. This peculiar idea developed in the shadow of the momentous achievements and discoveries brought about by the grueling race to the Moon. B. Even with the advent of modern scuba diving, strict depth and time limits were inevitable because of the physiological effects that come from breathing underwater and under pressure. C. Although the new habitat could accommodate three separate teams of 10 aquanauts for two weeks each, it did not meet other requirements. D. Just a couple of miles from Koblick’s office along the Overseas Highway, you’ll find a cadre of believers, one or two dozen of them, depending on the day. E. This first major stop along the 100-mile Overseas Highway to Key West is home to the world’s only underwater hotel, the only continuously operating underwater lab and the only undersea research base. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

1. A. This peculiar idea developed in the shadow of the momentous achievements and discoveries brought about by the grueling race to the Moon.
2. B. Even with the advent of modern scuba diving, strict depth and time limits were inevitable because of the physiological effects that come from breathing underwater and under pressure.
3. C. Although the new habitat could accommodate three separate teams of 10 aquanauts for two weeks each, it did not meet other requirements.
4. D. Just a couple of miles from Koblick’s office along the Overseas Highway, you’ll find a cadre of believers, one or two dozen of them, depending on the day.
5. E. This first major stop along the 100-mile Overseas Highway to Key West is home to the world’s only underwater hotel, the only continuously operating underwater lab and the only undersea research base. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18

TASK 5. (0–4) Read the article. Four sentences have been removed from the text. Complete each gap (5.1.–5.4.) with the sentence which fits best and put the appropriate letter (A–E) in each gap. There is one sentence which you do not need to use. LIVING BENEATH THE WAVES If there is any place on earth where you can expect to find true believers in the imminent coming of manned undersea outposts or spectacular domed colonies on the ocean floor, it would be here, in Key Largo. 5.1. _____ And it is in Key Largo that you find divers like Ian Koblick, for whom this place is a perfect environment. His even tan hints at his lifetime of outdoor ventures. The wood-paneled walls around Koblick’s office are filled with memorabilia that attest to his years as an undersea pioneer. For many centuries, the idea of housing human divers on the seabed was unthinkable. 5.2. _____ In order to avoid painful internal injuries and even death, typical dives to modest depths of, say, up to 100 feet lasted only minutes, not the days or weeks that would be necessary to live and work out of a seafloor habitat. But then, a U.S. Navy doctor, George Bond, caused a stir by questioning the conventional diving limits. He and his team started to test the concept known as saturation diving, which turned out to be the key to prolonged underwater stays. Koblick was among the early converts to the concept of undersea living when it came of age in the 1960s. 5.3. _____ The nascent quest to equip aquanauts to live in “inner space,” as some called the vast undersea realm, never got anything close to the billions of dollars pumped into launching the Apollo astronauts into outer space, but it still turned into a cutting-edge industry. Koblick may sound like a romantic dreamer for his enduring belief in the value of seabed habitats and his persistent efforts, over many years, to create new ones. But he is not alone. 5.4. _____ They work out of a pair of canal front houses whose interiors have been transformed over the years into mission control for the world’s only surviving full-fledged sea base, called Aquarius. The base has spent more than two decades perched out on a reef 60 feet below the surface and 9 miles from the shore, serving as a scientific research base in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The combined activities of this public, science-oriented habitat and Koblick’s private Undersea Park make Key Largo a destination where aquatic dreams live on. adapted from http://discovermagazine.com Strona 8 z 18 MAD-1A A. This peculiar idea developed in the shadow of the momentous achievements and discoveries brought about by the grueling race to the Moon. B. Even with the advent of modern scuba diving, strict depth and time limits were inevitable because of the physiological effects that come from breathing underwater and under pressure. C. Although the new habitat could accommodate three separate teams of 10 aquanauts for two weeks each, it did not meet other requirements. D. Just a couple of miles from Koblick’s office along the Overseas Highway, you’ll find a cadre of believers, one or two dozen of them, depending on the day. E. This first major stop along the 100-mile Overseas Highway to Key West is home to the world’s only underwater hotel, the only continuously operating underwater lab and the only undersea research base. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! MAD-1A Strona 9 z 18