Język angielski 2023 — poziom dwujęzyczny — Formuła 2015 — część 2

_____ This is a massive shift in the approach to wildlife, which should involve all citizens. The London Wildlife Trust proposal to designate London as a National Park City will help to raise awareness among the population and cultivate more sensitive approaches to the way that we design and manage the city, though it will not solve all the problems that affect nature in London. “It needs to add value to the collective efforts to conserve London’s nature for decades, and not merely duplicate these efforts,” says Mr Frith. Adapted from: www.bbc.com Strona 10 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

TASK 5. (0–4) Read the article. Four paragraphs have been removed from the text. Complete each gap (5.1.–5.4.) with the paragraph which fits best and put the appropriate letter (A–E) in each gap. There is one paragraph which you do not need to use. HOW A CITY CAN SAVE ITS WILDLIFE The wildlife and green spaces in our cities, towns, and other built-up areas matter because as a nation we are increasingly being told that we are becoming disconnected from nature, and this in turn is negatively affecting our health. Besides, who doesn’t get a good feeling from hearing a little bird chirping away, spotting bright flowers in the park, or coming across the signs of an otter while taking a walk along the river? 5.1. _____ London is a prime example of what is at stake in this battle between urban development and nature. With its population of over 8.6 million, Britain’s capital has more than 13,000 recorded species; according to the director of London Wildlife Trust, Mathew Frith, it is the most species-diverse region in the UK. This is a reflection of the city’s millions of gardens and its status as an international trading city, which has made it one of Britain’s main points of entry for new species from elsewhere in the world. 5.2. ______ Furthermore, urban peregrine falcons are on the rise, greater spotted woodpeckers and jays are increasingly found in inner London, and several species of deer are making their presence known. The River Thames is now home to 125 species of fish after major clean-ups since the 1950s. There have also been upswings in some other species, which are either occupying new niches, or recovering from previous lows. 5.3. ______ One solution lies in an interesting proposal for Greater London to be designated as a National Park City, an idea of Frith’s that is rapidly gaining support in the capital. This would mean London becoming a new kind of urban national park. As a result, London would be a semi-protected area with all of the public activities and conservation efforts that take place in a traditional national park, but in an urban environment, which includes people’s homes, workplaces and gardens. 5.4. _____ This is a massive shift in the approach to wildlife, which should involve all citizens. The London Wildlife Trust proposal to designate London as a National Park City will help to raise awareness among the population and cultivate more sensitive approaches to the way that we design and manage the city, though it will not solve all the problems that affect nature in London. “It needs to add value to the collective efforts to conserve London’s nature for decades, and not merely duplicate these efforts,” says Mr Frith. Adapted from: www.bbc.com Strona 10 z 20 EJAA-D0-100 A. The intention is to encourage people to welcome wildlife, for example by using swift bricks in new houses or making holes in fences for hedgehogs. People have to think of it as a set of recommended practices that could naturally connect open spaces and gardens. It’s a long-term vision that might be achieved through lots of small, individual actions: digging up concrete paving, planting flowers or not chopping trees down. B. As a result, ring-necked parakeets and some Himalayan plants have flourished and become as familiar as our native hornbeam and heather in the city scenery. And many don’t realise that the capital holds nationally important populations of many species: stag beetles, greater yellow-rattle, black redstart, and wintering populations of gadwall and shoveler. C. He believes that changing a few policies is not enough to halt the loss and start the recovery; nature needs to be at the centre of how our country is run, putting wildlife habitats back into the landscape. He adds that bringing back nature benefits the whole society and therefore needs to be a priority for the government. D. Some of these trends reflect national patterns; others are down to changes in London either through conservation action or climate change. The city’s open spaces are critically important for the survival of most of its urban wildlife. It’s quite extraordinary that 47% of London is covered by green space. Yet, we have to be cautious. London’s natural environment needs constant monitoring and protection because pressure to use available land for housing is greater than it’s ever been. E. It’s important to note that, apart from the influence nature has on our well-being, urban areas are among the most biologically diverse habitats in the country. With more people living in cities than ever before, this diversity is increasingly coming under pressure from property developers, businesses and home owners who often decide to pave over their lawns, or cut down trees in their gardens. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! EJAA-D0-100 Strona 11 z 20

1. A. The intention is to encourage people to welcome wildlife, for example by using swift bricks in new houses or making holes in fences for hedgehogs. People have to think of it as a set of recommended practices that could naturally connect open spaces and gardens. It’s a long-term vision that might be achieved through lots of small, individual actions: digging up concrete paving, planting flowers or not chopping trees down.
2. B. As a result, ring-necked parakeets and some Himalayan plants have flourished and become as familiar as our native hornbeam and heather in the city scenery. And many don’t realise that the capital holds nationally important populations of many species: stag beetles, greater yellow-rattle, black redstart, and wintering populations of gadwall and shoveler.
3. C. He believes that changing a few policies is not enough to halt the loss and start the recovery; nature needs to be at the centre of how our country is run, putting wildlife habitats back into the landscape. He adds that bringing back nature benefits the whole society and therefore needs to be a priority for the government.
4. D. Some of these trends reflect national patterns; others are down to changes in London either through conservation action or climate change. The city’s open spaces are critically important for the survival of most of its urban wildlife. It’s quite extraordinary that 47% of London is covered by green space. Yet, we have to be cautious. London’s natural environment needs constant monitoring and protection because pressure to use available land for housing is greater than it’s ever been.
5. E. It’s important to note that, apart from the influence nature has on our well-being, urban areas are among the most biologically diverse habitats in the country. With more people living in cities than ever before, this diversity is increasingly coming under pressure from property developers, businesses and home owners who often decide to pave over their lawns, or cut down trees in their gardens. TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! EJAA-D0-100 Strona 11 z 20

courtroom? mention the historical period when wigs became mandatory in English

TASK 6. (0–4) Read the text. For questions 6.1.–6.4., choose the appropriate paragraph and write the corresponding letter (A–E) in the table. One paragraph does not match any of the questions. In which paragraph does the author discuss a current change in the attitude towards wearing wigs in the 6.1. courtroom? mention the historical period when wigs became mandatory in English 6.2. courtrooms? point to the wearing of wigs as a sign of authority and impartiality in the 6.3. courtroom? refer to a publication which had a significant influence on the attire of English 6.4. lawyers? WHY ARE WIGS WORN IN ENGLISH COURTS? A. The traditional courtroom dress of English judges and barristers (lawyers who represent the defence or prosecution in higher courts of law) looks as if it came straight from the Middle Ages. Actually it was much later. In 1625, an academic paper entitled The Discourse on Robes and Apparel appeared in print. It paved the way for the introduction of distinct regulations for the wearing of robes and wigs for different purposes in the courtroom. B. Both robes and wigs became emblematic of anonymity, visually emphasizing the supremacy of the law and distancing the wearer from personal involvement. Distinctions in the style of wig have significance. A judge’s wig differs from that of a barrister in that it is more ornate, which reflects the judge’s higher status. Most wigs used in court are made according to an age-old tradition of styling, sewing and gluing. Although wigs may have fallen out of men’s fashion over the centuries, when they first made their appearance, they were part and parcel of being a well-dressed professional. C. But why did powdered wigs come into fashion in the first place? Why top one’s head with an itchy, sweat-inducing mass of artificial curls? Professor Maria Hayward points out in The King’s Clothing Choices that when it comes to trend-setters, no one had a greater influence on the wearing of wigs than Louis XIV of France. During his reign, the Sun King disguised his prematurely balding scalp by wearing a wig. In doing so, he started a trend that was widely followed by the European upper and middle classes. Strona 12 z 20 EJAA-D0-100 D. Although those who wished to remain in good social standing were quick to adopt the practice of wearing wigs, English courtrooms were slower to act. Judicial portraits from that time still show a natural, no-wig look. In the late Stuart Era, however, full, shoulder- length wigs became part of the requisite attire for judges and barristers during a trial. Over time, wigs fell out of fashion within society as a whole. By the early 19th century, they were worn by only a few, namely bishops, coachmen, and those in the legal profession. E. In 2007, however, the desire to maintain formality and pay homage to legal history was challenged. A case proposing changes to the traditional dress code was brought to court, and was successful. The Lord Chief Justice, Baron Phillips, stated that wigs would no longer be worn during civil or family cases. Wigs are still worn during criminal trials, but some want the tradition to be fully abandoned. A growing number of lawyers are comparing wigs and robes to the suits of armour worn in bygone days by knights, and believe that the English courts should be more focused on important issues and not on what officials are wearing. Adapted from: people.howstuffworks.com TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! EJAA-D0-100 Strona 13 z 20

courtrooms? point to the wearing of wigs as a sign of authority and impartiality in the

TASK 6. (0–4) Read the text. For questions 6.1.–6.4., choose the appropriate paragraph and write the corresponding letter (A–E) in the table. One paragraph does not match any of the questions. In which paragraph does the author discuss a current change in the attitude towards wearing wigs in the 6.1. courtroom? mention the historical period when wigs became mandatory in English 6.2. courtrooms? point to the wearing of wigs as a sign of authority and impartiality in the 6.3. courtroom? refer to a publication which had a significant influence on the attire of English 6.4. lawyers? WHY ARE WIGS WORN IN ENGLISH COURTS? A. The traditional courtroom dress of English judges and barristers (lawyers who represent the defence or prosecution in higher courts of law) looks as if it came straight from the Middle Ages. Actually it was much later. In 1625, an academic paper entitled The Discourse on Robes and Apparel appeared in print. It paved the way for the introduction of distinct regulations for the wearing of robes and wigs for different purposes in the courtroom. B. Both robes and wigs became emblematic of anonymity, visually emphasizing the supremacy of the law and distancing the wearer from personal involvement. Distinctions in the style of wig have significance. A judge’s wig differs from that of a barrister in that it is more ornate, which reflects the judge’s higher status. Most wigs used in court are made according to an age-old tradition of styling, sewing and gluing. Although wigs may have fallen out of men’s fashion over the centuries, when they first made their appearance, they were part and parcel of being a well-dressed professional. C. But why did powdered wigs come into fashion in the first place? Why top one’s head with an itchy, sweat-inducing mass of artificial curls? Professor Maria Hayward points out in The King’s Clothing Choices that when it comes to trend-setters, no one had a greater influence on the wearing of wigs than Louis XIV of France. During his reign, the Sun King disguised his prematurely balding scalp by wearing a wig. In doing so, he started a trend that was widely followed by the European upper and middle classes. Strona 12 z 20 EJAA-D0-100 D. Although those who wished to remain in good social standing were quick to adopt the practice of wearing wigs, English courtrooms were slower to act. Judicial portraits from that time still show a natural, no-wig look. In the late Stuart Era, however, full, shoulder- length wigs became part of the requisite attire for judges and barristers during a trial. Over time, wigs fell out of fashion within society as a whole. By the early 19th century, they were worn by only a few, namely bishops, coachmen, and those in the legal profession. E. In 2007, however, the desire to maintain formality and pay homage to legal history was challenged. A case proposing changes to the traditional dress code was brought to court, and was successful. The Lord Chief Justice, Baron Phillips, stated that wigs would no longer be worn during civil or family cases. Wigs are still worn during criminal trials, but some want the tradition to be fully abandoned. A growing number of lawyers are comparing wigs and robes to the suits of armour worn in bygone days by knights, and believe that the English courts should be more focused on important issues and not on what officials are wearing. Adapted from: people.howstuffworks.com TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! EJAA-D0-100 Strona 13 z 20

courtroom? refer to a publication which had a significant influence on the attire of English

TASK 6. (0–4) Read the text. For questions 6.1.–6.4., choose the appropriate paragraph and write the corresponding letter (A–E) in the table. One paragraph does not match any of the questions. In which paragraph does the author discuss a current change in the attitude towards wearing wigs in the 6.1. courtroom? mention the historical period when wigs became mandatory in English 6.2. courtrooms? point to the wearing of wigs as a sign of authority and impartiality in the 6.3. courtroom? refer to a publication which had a significant influence on the attire of English 6.4. lawyers? WHY ARE WIGS WORN IN ENGLISH COURTS? A. The traditional courtroom dress of English judges and barristers (lawyers who represent the defence or prosecution in higher courts of law) looks as if it came straight from the Middle Ages. Actually it was much later. In 1625, an academic paper entitled The Discourse on Robes and Apparel appeared in print. It paved the way for the introduction of distinct regulations for the wearing of robes and wigs for different purposes in the courtroom. B. Both robes and wigs became emblematic of anonymity, visually emphasizing the supremacy of the law and distancing the wearer from personal involvement. Distinctions in the style of wig have significance. A judge’s wig differs from that of a barrister in that it is more ornate, which reflects the judge’s higher status. Most wigs used in court are made according to an age-old tradition of styling, sewing and gluing. Although wigs may have fallen out of men’s fashion over the centuries, when they first made their appearance, they were part and parcel of being a well-dressed professional. C. But why did powdered wigs come into fashion in the first place? Why top one’s head with an itchy, sweat-inducing mass of artificial curls? Professor Maria Hayward points out in The King’s Clothing Choices that when it comes to trend-setters, no one had a greater influence on the wearing of wigs than Louis XIV of France. During his reign, the Sun King disguised his prematurely balding scalp by wearing a wig. In doing so, he started a trend that was widely followed by the European upper and middle classes. Strona 12 z 20 EJAA-D0-100 D. Although those who wished to remain in good social standing were quick to adopt the practice of wearing wigs, English courtrooms were slower to act. Judicial portraits from that time still show a natural, no-wig look. In the late Stuart Era, however, full, shoulder- length wigs became part of the requisite attire for judges and barristers during a trial. Over time, wigs fell out of fashion within society as a whole. By the early 19th century, they were worn by only a few, namely bishops, coachmen, and those in the legal profession. E. In 2007, however, the desire to maintain formality and pay homage to legal history was challenged. A case proposing changes to the traditional dress code was brought to court, and was successful. The Lord Chief Justice, Baron Phillips, stated that wigs would no longer be worn during civil or family cases. Wigs are still worn during criminal trials, but some want the tradition to be fully abandoned. A growing number of lawyers are comparing wigs and robes to the suits of armour worn in bygone days by knights, and believe that the English courts should be more focused on important issues and not on what officials are wearing. Adapted from: people.howstuffworks.com TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! EJAA-D0-100 Strona 13 z 20

lawyers? WHY ARE WIGS WORN IN ENGLISH COURTS?

TASK 6. (0–4) Read the text. For questions 6.1.–6.4., choose the appropriate paragraph and write the corresponding letter (A–E) in the table. One paragraph does not match any of the questions. In which paragraph does the author discuss a current change in the attitude towards wearing wigs in the 6.1. courtroom? mention the historical period when wigs became mandatory in English 6.2. courtrooms? point to the wearing of wigs as a sign of authority and impartiality in the 6.3. courtroom? refer to a publication which had a significant influence on the attire of English 6.4. lawyers? WHY ARE WIGS WORN IN ENGLISH COURTS? A. The traditional courtroom dress of English judges and barristers (lawyers who represent the defence or prosecution in higher courts of law) looks as if it came straight from the Middle Ages. Actually it was much later. In 1625, an academic paper entitled The Discourse on Robes and Apparel appeared in print. It paved the way for the introduction of distinct regulations for the wearing of robes and wigs for different purposes in the courtroom. B. Both robes and wigs became emblematic of anonymity, visually emphasizing the supremacy of the law and distancing the wearer from personal involvement. Distinctions in the style of wig have significance. A judge’s wig differs from that of a barrister in that it is more ornate, which reflects the judge’s higher status. Most wigs used in court are made according to an age-old tradition of styling, sewing and gluing. Although wigs may have fallen out of men’s fashion over the centuries, when they first made their appearance, they were part and parcel of being a well-dressed professional. C. But why did powdered wigs come into fashion in the first place? Why top one’s head with an itchy, sweat-inducing mass of artificial curls? Professor Maria Hayward points out in The King’s Clothing Choices that when it comes to trend-setters, no one had a greater influence on the wearing of wigs than Louis XIV of France. During his reign, the Sun King disguised his prematurely balding scalp by wearing a wig. In doing so, he started a trend that was widely followed by the European upper and middle classes. Strona 12 z 20 EJAA-D0-100 D. Although those who wished to remain in good social standing were quick to adopt the practice of wearing wigs, English courtrooms were slower to act. Judicial portraits from that time still show a natural, no-wig look. In the late Stuart Era, however, full, shoulder- length wigs became part of the requisite attire for judges and barristers during a trial. Over time, wigs fell out of fashion within society as a whole. By the early 19th century, they were worn by only a few, namely bishops, coachmen, and those in the legal profession. E. In 2007, however, the desire to maintain formality and pay homage to legal history was challenged. A case proposing changes to the traditional dress code was brought to court, and was successful. The Lord Chief Justice, Baron Phillips, stated that wigs would no longer be worn during civil or family cases. Wigs are still worn during criminal trials, but some want the tradition to be fully abandoned. A growing number of lawyers are comparing wigs and robes to the suits of armour worn in bygone days by knights, and believe that the English courts should be more focused on important issues and not on what officials are wearing. Adapted from: people.howstuffworks.com TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! EJAA-D0-100 Strona 13 z 20

1. A. The traditional courtroom dress of English judges and barristers (lawyers who represent the defence or prosecution in higher courts of law) looks as if it came straight from the Middle Ages. Actually it was much later. In 1625, an academic paper entitled The Discourse on Robes and Apparel appeared in print. It paved the way for the introduction of distinct regulations for the wearing of robes and wigs for different purposes in the courtroom.
2. B. Both robes and wigs became emblematic of anonymity, visually emphasizing the supremacy of the law and distancing the wearer from personal involvement. Distinctions in the style of wig have significance. A judge’s wig differs from that of a barrister in that it is more ornate, which reflects the judge’s higher status. Most wigs used in court are made according to an age-old tradition of styling, sewing and gluing. Although wigs may have fallen out of men’s fashion over the centuries, when they first made their appearance, they were part and parcel of being a well-dressed professional.
3. C. But why did powdered wigs come into fashion in the first place? Why top one’s head with an itchy, sweat-inducing mass of artificial curls? Professor Maria Hayward points out in The King’s Clothing Choices that when it comes to trend-setters, no one had a greater influence on the wearing of wigs than Louis XIV of France. During his reign, the Sun King disguised his prematurely balding scalp by wearing a wig. In doing so, he started a trend that was widely followed by the European upper and middle classes.
4. D. Although those who wished to remain in good social standing were quick to adopt the practice of wearing wigs, English courtrooms were slower to act. Judicial portraits from that time still show a natural, no-wig look. In the late Stuart Era, however, full, shoulder- length wigs became part of the requisite attire for judges and barristers during a trial. Over time, wigs fell out of fashion within society as a whole. By the early 19th century, they were worn by only a few, namely bishops, coachmen, and those in the legal profession.
5. E. In 2007, however, the desire to maintain formality and pay homage to legal history was challenged. A case proposing changes to the traditional dress code was brought to court, and was successful. The Lord Chief Justice, Baron Phillips, stated that wigs would no longer be worn during civil or family cases. Wigs are still worn during criminal trials, but some want the tradition to be fully abandoned. A growing number of lawyers are comparing wigs and robes to the suits of armour worn in bygone days by knights, and believe that the English courts should be more focused on important issues and not on what officials are wearing. Adapted from: people.howstuffworks.com TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! EJAA-D0-100 Strona 13 z 20

7.2. 7.3.

TASK 7. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 7.1.–7.5., choose the word or phrase which fits best in each gap. Circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). POWER-GENERATING TILES Would you believe that while people were making their way to attend the Olympics in London in 2012, they were also producing renewable energy? And as a result, they 7.1. _____ to a breakthrough in renewable power. Around one million or so visitors alighted at West Ham underground station to get to the Games. Access to the Olympic Park was via a tiled walkway. Using a hybrid technology that 7.2. _____ kinetic energy into electricity, the walkway’s lights were powered by a uniquely original source: footsteps. Laurence Kemball-Cook, 7.3. _____ behind the technology, dreamt up the idea of turning footsteps into power when he worked at Loughborough University. The young inventor calls his creation “footfall harvesting”. How does it work? The tile surface flexes about five millimetres 7.4. _____, thus creating kinetic energy that is then used to produce an average of six watts per footstep. During the two weeks of the Games, the tiles generated 20 kilowatt-hours or 72 million joules, which provided 7.5. _____ energy to keep the walkway lights illuminated at full power through the night, and at half power during the day, with plenty of back-up energy to spare. Kemball-Cook sees renewable energy technology as a potential alternative to solar, which is difficult to use indoors or in built-up urban areas. Adapted from: www.theguardian.com 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. A. would rather contribute A. applies A. the heads B. had better contribute B. converts B. the minds C. may have contributed C. generates C. the wits D. used to be contributed D. discloses D. the brains 7.4. 7.5. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary B. to being stepped on B. extended C. having stepped on C. foremost D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! Strona 14 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

1. A. would rather contribute A. applies A. the heads
2. B. had better contribute B. converts B. the minds
3. C. may have contributed C. generates C. the wits
4. D. used to be contributed D. discloses D. the brains
5. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary
6. B. to being stepped on B. extended
7. C. having stepped on C. foremost
8. D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET!

_____ kinetic energy into electricity, the walkway’s lights were powered by a uniquely original source: footsteps. Laurence Kemball-Cook, 7.3. _____ behind the technology, dreamt up the idea of turning footsteps into power when he worked at Loughborough University. The young inventor calls his creation “footfall harvesting”. How does it work? The tile surface flexes about five millimetres 7.4. _____, thus creating kinetic energy that is then used to produce an average of six watts per footstep. During the two weeks of the Games, the tiles generated 20 kilowatt-hours or 72 million joules, which provided 7.5. _____ energy to keep the walkway lights illuminated at full power through the night, and at half power during the day, with plenty of back-up energy to spare. Kemball-Cook sees renewable energy technology as a potential alternative to solar, which is difficult to use indoors or in built-up urban areas. Adapted from: www.theguardian.com 7.1. 7.2. 7.3.

TASK 7. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 7.1.–7.5., choose the word or phrase which fits best in each gap. Circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). POWER-GENERATING TILES Would you believe that while people were making their way to attend the Olympics in London in 2012, they were also producing renewable energy? And as a result, they 7.1. _____ to a breakthrough in renewable power. Around one million or so visitors alighted at West Ham underground station to get to the Games. Access to the Olympic Park was via a tiled walkway. Using a hybrid technology that 7.2. _____ kinetic energy into electricity, the walkway’s lights were powered by a uniquely original source: footsteps. Laurence Kemball-Cook, 7.3. _____ behind the technology, dreamt up the idea of turning footsteps into power when he worked at Loughborough University. The young inventor calls his creation “footfall harvesting”. How does it work? The tile surface flexes about five millimetres 7.4. _____, thus creating kinetic energy that is then used to produce an average of six watts per footstep. During the two weeks of the Games, the tiles generated 20 kilowatt-hours or 72 million joules, which provided 7.5. _____ energy to keep the walkway lights illuminated at full power through the night, and at half power during the day, with plenty of back-up energy to spare. Kemball-Cook sees renewable energy technology as a potential alternative to solar, which is difficult to use indoors or in built-up urban areas. Adapted from: www.theguardian.com 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. A. would rather contribute A. applies A. the heads B. had better contribute B. converts B. the minds C. may have contributed C. generates C. the wits D. used to be contributed D. discloses D. the brains 7.4. 7.5. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary B. to being stepped on B. extended C. having stepped on C. foremost D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! Strona 14 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

1. A. would rather contribute A. applies A. the heads
2. B. had better contribute B. converts B. the minds
3. C. may have contributed C. generates C. the wits
4. D. used to be contributed D. discloses D. the brains
5. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary
6. B. to being stepped on B. extended
7. C. having stepped on C. foremost
8. D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET!

TASK 7. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 7.1.–7.5., choose the word or phrase which fits best in each gap. Circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). POWER-GENERATING TILES Would you believe that while people were making their way to attend the Olympics in London in 2012, they were also producing renewable energy? And as a result, they 7.1. _____ to a breakthrough in renewable power. Around one million or so visitors alighted at West Ham underground station to get to the Games. Access to the Olympic Park was via a tiled walkway. Using a hybrid technology that 7.2. _____ kinetic energy into electricity, the walkway’s lights were powered by a uniquely original source: footsteps. Laurence Kemball-Cook, 7.3. _____ behind the technology, dreamt up the idea of turning footsteps into power when he worked at Loughborough University. The young inventor calls his creation “footfall harvesting”. How does it work? The tile surface flexes about five millimetres 7.4. _____, thus creating kinetic energy that is then used to produce an average of six watts per footstep. During the two weeks of the Games, the tiles generated 20 kilowatt-hours or 72 million joules, which provided 7.5. _____ energy to keep the walkway lights illuminated at full power through the night, and at half power during the day, with plenty of back-up energy to spare. Kemball-Cook sees renewable energy technology as a potential alternative to solar, which is difficult to use indoors or in built-up urban areas. Adapted from: www.theguardian.com 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. A. would rather contribute A. applies A. the heads B. had better contribute B. converts B. the minds C. may have contributed C. generates C. the wits D. used to be contributed D. discloses D. the brains 7.4. 7.5. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary B. to being stepped on B. extended C. having stepped on C. foremost D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! Strona 14 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

7.5.

TASK 7. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 7.1.–7.5., choose the word or phrase which fits best in each gap. Circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). POWER-GENERATING TILES Would you believe that while people were making their way to attend the Olympics in London in 2012, they were also producing renewable energy? And as a result, they 7.1. _____ to a breakthrough in renewable power. Around one million or so visitors alighted at West Ham underground station to get to the Games. Access to the Olympic Park was via a tiled walkway. Using a hybrid technology that 7.2. _____ kinetic energy into electricity, the walkway’s lights were powered by a uniquely original source: footsteps. Laurence Kemball-Cook, 7.3. _____ behind the technology, dreamt up the idea of turning footsteps into power when he worked at Loughborough University. The young inventor calls his creation “footfall harvesting”. How does it work? The tile surface flexes about five millimetres 7.4. _____, thus creating kinetic energy that is then used to produce an average of six watts per footstep. During the two weeks of the Games, the tiles generated 20 kilowatt-hours or 72 million joules, which provided 7.5. _____ energy to keep the walkway lights illuminated at full power through the night, and at half power during the day, with plenty of back-up energy to spare. Kemball-Cook sees renewable energy technology as a potential alternative to solar, which is difficult to use indoors or in built-up urban areas. Adapted from: www.theguardian.com 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. A. would rather contribute A. applies A. the heads B. had better contribute B. converts B. the minds C. may have contributed C. generates C. the wits D. used to be contributed D. discloses D. the brains 7.4. 7.5. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary B. to being stepped on B. extended C. having stepped on C. foremost D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! Strona 14 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

1. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary
2. B. to being stepped on B. extended
3. C. having stepped on C. foremost
4. D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET!

TASK 7. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 7.1.–7.5., choose the word or phrase which fits best in each gap. Circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D). POWER-GENERATING TILES Would you believe that while people were making their way to attend the Olympics in London in 2012, they were also producing renewable energy? And as a result, they 7.1. _____ to a breakthrough in renewable power. Around one million or so visitors alighted at West Ham underground station to get to the Games. Access to the Olympic Park was via a tiled walkway. Using a hybrid technology that 7.2. _____ kinetic energy into electricity, the walkway’s lights were powered by a uniquely original source: footsteps. Laurence Kemball-Cook, 7.3. _____ behind the technology, dreamt up the idea of turning footsteps into power when he worked at Loughborough University. The young inventor calls his creation “footfall harvesting”. How does it work? The tile surface flexes about five millimetres 7.4. _____, thus creating kinetic energy that is then used to produce an average of six watts per footstep. During the two weeks of the Games, the tiles generated 20 kilowatt-hours or 72 million joules, which provided 7.5. _____ energy to keep the walkway lights illuminated at full power through the night, and at half power during the day, with plenty of back-up energy to spare. Kemball-Cook sees renewable energy technology as a potential alternative to solar, which is difficult to use indoors or in built-up urban areas. Adapted from: www.theguardian.com 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. A. would rather contribute A. applies A. the heads B. had better contribute B. converts B. the minds C. may have contributed C. generates C. the wits D. used to be contributed D. discloses D. the brains 7.4. 7.5. A. when stepped on A. unnecessary B. to being stepped on B. extended C. having stepped on C. foremost D. while stepping on D. sufficient TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET! Strona 14 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

TASK 8. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 8.1.–8.5., use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap. The text must be logical and correct in both grammar and spelling. Write the missing word in the space provided. THE FUTURE OF WINTER SPORTS AND RECREATION Since 1949, nearly 80% of weather stations across the contiguous 48 states in the US have recorded an increase in winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow. With future projected temperature rises, winter sports may experience a decline. For ski resorts in the Northeast to remain viable, they require the 8.1. (LONG) ________________________ of an average ski season to be at least 100 days. Projections indicate that the 8.2. (SUSTAIN) ________________________ of most resorts in the region will be in question by the end of the century. They will be required to produce more artificial snow and this, in turn, will result in increased resort attendance costs due to higher water and energy usage. There are also many sports, like snowmobiling and cross-country skiing, where machine-made snow is not a 8.3. (WORK) _________________ solution, as it is not possible to produce enough snow to cover miles of trails. The snowpack has always been an 8.4. (RESIST) _________________________ attraction for the hikers who visit national parks in huge numbers every winter. But decreases in snowpack depth have been observed since 1955. Although, currently, hikers are still able to reach snowcapped mountains and glaciers, as winters become warmer, the snowpack on the tops of mountains and the glaciers will 8.5. (PRESUME) _______________________ disappear. Adapted from: www.neefusa.org EJAA-D0-100 Strona 15 z 20

TASK 8. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 8.1.–8.5., use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap. The text must be logical and correct in both grammar and spelling. Write the missing word in the space provided. THE FUTURE OF WINTER SPORTS AND RECREATION Since 1949, nearly 80% of weather stations across the contiguous 48 states in the US have recorded an increase in winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow. With future projected temperature rises, winter sports may experience a decline. For ski resorts in the Northeast to remain viable, they require the 8.1. (LONG) ________________________ of an average ski season to be at least 100 days. Projections indicate that the 8.2. (SUSTAIN) ________________________ of most resorts in the region will be in question by the end of the century. They will be required to produce more artificial snow and this, in turn, will result in increased resort attendance costs due to higher water and energy usage. There are also many sports, like snowmobiling and cross-country skiing, where machine-made snow is not a 8.3. (WORK) _________________ solution, as it is not possible to produce enough snow to cover miles of trails. The snowpack has always been an 8.4. (RESIST) _________________________ attraction for the hikers who visit national parks in huge numbers every winter. But decreases in snowpack depth have been observed since 1955. Although, currently, hikers are still able to reach snowcapped mountains and glaciers, as winters become warmer, the snowpack on the tops of mountains and the glaciers will 8.5. (PRESUME) _______________________ disappear. Adapted from: www.neefusa.org EJAA-D0-100 Strona 15 z 20

TASK 8. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 8.1.–8.5., use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap. The text must be logical and correct in both grammar and spelling. Write the missing word in the space provided. THE FUTURE OF WINTER SPORTS AND RECREATION Since 1949, nearly 80% of weather stations across the contiguous 48 states in the US have recorded an increase in winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow. With future projected temperature rises, winter sports may experience a decline. For ski resorts in the Northeast to remain viable, they require the 8.1. (LONG) ________________________ of an average ski season to be at least 100 days. Projections indicate that the 8.2. (SUSTAIN) ________________________ of most resorts in the region will be in question by the end of the century. They will be required to produce more artificial snow and this, in turn, will result in increased resort attendance costs due to higher water and energy usage. There are also many sports, like snowmobiling and cross-country skiing, where machine-made snow is not a 8.3. (WORK) _________________ solution, as it is not possible to produce enough snow to cover miles of trails. The snowpack has always been an 8.4. (RESIST) _________________________ attraction for the hikers who visit national parks in huge numbers every winter. But decreases in snowpack depth have been observed since 1955. Although, currently, hikers are still able to reach snowcapped mountains and glaciers, as winters become warmer, the snowpack on the tops of mountains and the glaciers will 8.5. (PRESUME) _______________________ disappear. Adapted from: www.neefusa.org EJAA-D0-100 Strona 15 z 20

TASK 8. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 8.1.–8.5., use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap. The text must be logical and correct in both grammar and spelling. Write the missing word in the space provided. THE FUTURE OF WINTER SPORTS AND RECREATION Since 1949, nearly 80% of weather stations across the contiguous 48 states in the US have recorded an increase in winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow. With future projected temperature rises, winter sports may experience a decline. For ski resorts in the Northeast to remain viable, they require the 8.1. (LONG) ________________________ of an average ski season to be at least 100 days. Projections indicate that the 8.2. (SUSTAIN) ________________________ of most resorts in the region will be in question by the end of the century. They will be required to produce more artificial snow and this, in turn, will result in increased resort attendance costs due to higher water and energy usage. There are also many sports, like snowmobiling and cross-country skiing, where machine-made snow is not a 8.3. (WORK) _________________ solution, as it is not possible to produce enough snow to cover miles of trails. The snowpack has always been an 8.4. (RESIST) _________________________ attraction for the hikers who visit national parks in huge numbers every winter. But decreases in snowpack depth have been observed since 1955. Although, currently, hikers are still able to reach snowcapped mountains and glaciers, as winters become warmer, the snowpack on the tops of mountains and the glaciers will 8.5. (PRESUME) _______________________ disappear. Adapted from: www.neefusa.org EJAA-D0-100 Strona 15 z 20

TASK 8. (0–5) Read the text. For questions 8.1.–8.5., use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap. The text must be logical and correct in both grammar and spelling. Write the missing word in the space provided. THE FUTURE OF WINTER SPORTS AND RECREATION Since 1949, nearly 80% of weather stations across the contiguous 48 states in the US have recorded an increase in winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow. With future projected temperature rises, winter sports may experience a decline. For ski resorts in the Northeast to remain viable, they require the 8.1. (LONG) ________________________ of an average ski season to be at least 100 days. Projections indicate that the 8.2. (SUSTAIN) ________________________ of most resorts in the region will be in question by the end of the century. They will be required to produce more artificial snow and this, in turn, will result in increased resort attendance costs due to higher water and energy usage. There are also many sports, like snowmobiling and cross-country skiing, where machine-made snow is not a 8.3. (WORK) _________________ solution, as it is not possible to produce enough snow to cover miles of trails. The snowpack has always been an 8.4. (RESIST) _________________________ attraction for the hikers who visit national parks in huge numbers every winter. But decreases in snowpack depth have been observed since 1955. Although, currently, hikers are still able to reach snowcapped mountains and glaciers, as winters become warmer, the snowpack on the tops of mountains and the glaciers will 8.5. (PRESUME) _______________________ disappear. Adapted from: www.neefusa.org EJAA-D0-100 Strona 15 z 20

I do not like people slapping me on the back when they greet me. TO I object ________________________________________________________ the back when people greet me.

TASK 9. (0–5) For questions 9.1.–9.5., complete the second sentence so that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the first sentence and it is correct in both grammar and spelling. Use the word given. Do not change the word given. Use up to five words including the word given. 9.1. I do not like people slapping me on the back when they greet me. TO I object ________________________________________________________ the back when people greet me. 9.2. Mr Peterson was given a medal for his bravery during the First World War. RECOGNITION Mr Peterson received a medal _____________________________________________ his bravery during the First World War. 9.3. Kate didn’t seem anxious even though she was giving the speech without any notes. SIGN Kate showed ________________________________________________ even though she was giving the speech without any notes. 9.4. My friend said that I could use his apartment at any time. DISPOSAL My friend said his apartment _______________________________________________ whenever I wanted. 9.5. We avoided getting into trouble because John speaks the local dialect fluently. WOULD If John didn’t speak the local dialect, we ______________________________________ ________________________________ into trouble. Strona 16 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

Mr Peterson was given a medal for his bravery during the First World War. RECOGNITION Mr Peterson received a medal _____________________________________________ his bravery during the First World War.

TASK 9. (0–5) For questions 9.1.–9.5., complete the second sentence so that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the first sentence and it is correct in both grammar and spelling. Use the word given. Do not change the word given. Use up to five words including the word given. 9.1. I do not like people slapping me on the back when they greet me. TO I object ________________________________________________________ the back when people greet me. 9.2. Mr Peterson was given a medal for his bravery during the First World War. RECOGNITION Mr Peterson received a medal _____________________________________________ his bravery during the First World War. 9.3. Kate didn’t seem anxious even though she was giving the speech without any notes. SIGN Kate showed ________________________________________________ even though she was giving the speech without any notes. 9.4. My friend said that I could use his apartment at any time. DISPOSAL My friend said his apartment _______________________________________________ whenever I wanted. 9.5. We avoided getting into trouble because John speaks the local dialect fluently. WOULD If John didn’t speak the local dialect, we ______________________________________ ________________________________ into trouble. Strona 16 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

Kate didn’t seem anxious even though she was giving the speech without any notes. SIGN Kate showed ________________________________________________ even though she was giving the speech without any notes.

TASK 9. (0–5) For questions 9.1.–9.5., complete the second sentence so that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the first sentence and it is correct in both grammar and spelling. Use the word given. Do not change the word given. Use up to five words including the word given. 9.1. I do not like people slapping me on the back when they greet me. TO I object ________________________________________________________ the back when people greet me. 9.2. Mr Peterson was given a medal for his bravery during the First World War. RECOGNITION Mr Peterson received a medal _____________________________________________ his bravery during the First World War. 9.3. Kate didn’t seem anxious even though she was giving the speech without any notes. SIGN Kate showed ________________________________________________ even though she was giving the speech without any notes. 9.4. My friend said that I could use his apartment at any time. DISPOSAL My friend said his apartment _______________________________________________ whenever I wanted. 9.5. We avoided getting into trouble because John speaks the local dialect fluently. WOULD If John didn’t speak the local dialect, we ______________________________________ ________________________________ into trouble. Strona 16 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

My friend said that I could use his apartment at any time. DISPOSAL My friend said his apartment _______________________________________________ whenever I wanted.

TASK 9. (0–5) For questions 9.1.–9.5., complete the second sentence so that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the first sentence and it is correct in both grammar and spelling. Use the word given. Do not change the word given. Use up to five words including the word given. 9.1. I do not like people slapping me on the back when they greet me. TO I object ________________________________________________________ the back when people greet me. 9.2. Mr Peterson was given a medal for his bravery during the First World War. RECOGNITION Mr Peterson received a medal _____________________________________________ his bravery during the First World War. 9.3. Kate didn’t seem anxious even though she was giving the speech without any notes. SIGN Kate showed ________________________________________________ even though she was giving the speech without any notes. 9.4. My friend said that I could use his apartment at any time. DISPOSAL My friend said his apartment _______________________________________________ whenever I wanted. 9.5. We avoided getting into trouble because John speaks the local dialect fluently. WOULD If John didn’t speak the local dialect, we ______________________________________ ________________________________ into trouble. Strona 16 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

We avoided getting into trouble because John speaks the local dialect fluently. WOULD If John didn’t speak the local dialect, we ______________________________________ ________________________________ into trouble. Strona 16 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

TASK 9. (0–5) For questions 9.1.–9.5., complete the second sentence so that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the first sentence and it is correct in both grammar and spelling. Use the word given. Do not change the word given. Use up to five words including the word given. 9.1. I do not like people slapping me on the back when they greet me. TO I object ________________________________________________________ the back when people greet me. 9.2. Mr Peterson was given a medal for his bravery during the First World War. RECOGNITION Mr Peterson received a medal _____________________________________________ his bravery during the First World War. 9.3. Kate didn’t seem anxious even though she was giving the speech without any notes. SIGN Kate showed ________________________________________________ even though she was giving the speech without any notes. 9.4. My friend said that I could use his apartment at any time. DISPOSAL My friend said his apartment _______________________________________________ whenever I wanted. 9.5. We avoided getting into trouble because John speaks the local dialect fluently. WOULD If John didn’t speak the local dialect, we ______________________________________ ________________________________ into trouble. Strona 16 z 20 EJAA-D0-100

TASK 10. (0–15) Choose one of the topics below and write a composition following the conventions of the genre indicated in the topic. Use between 300 and 350 words. 1. Czy korzystanie z cateringu dietetycznego (ang. diet catering), polegającego na dostarczaniu klientowi posiłków przygotowanych we współpracy z profesjonalnymi dietetykami, to dobry pomysł? Napisz rozprawkę, w której przedstawisz swoją opinię na ten temat, odnosząc się do następujących aspektów: • zdrowie • koszty • ekologia. 2. Ostatnio przeczytałeś(-aś) wywiad ze znaną osobą, z którego wynikało, że sukces osiąga się dzięki determinacji, pracowitości i szczęściu. Napisz artykuł, w którym przedstawisz swój pogląd na ten temat, odnosząc się do wpływu każdego z trzech czynników wskazanych w wywiadzie na osiągniecie sukcesu. 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Zakres Poprawność Spójność Zgodność z poleceniem środków środków RAZEM i logika językowych językowych 0-1-2-3-4-5 0-1-2 0-1-2-3-4 0-1-2-3-4 Elementy treści (0–1–2) Elementy formy (0–1) 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 EJAA-D0-100 Strona 19 z 20 NOTES (will not be assessed) Strona 20 z 20 EJAA-D0-100 JĘZYK ANGIELSKI Poziom dwujęzyczny Formuła 2015 JĘZYK ANGIELSKI Poziom dwujęzyczny Formuła 2015 JĘZYK ANGIELSKI Poziom dwujęzyczny Formuła 2015